Marx's View About Alienation Of Humans

Alienation theory is an important part of Marx's philosophy,which serves as a significant breakthrough when it comes to deeply analyzing capitalist society,revealing the law of development of human society,and thereby creating Historical materialism world outlook.When entering Marx's theory of alienation,we must make a comprehensive investigation of the concept “alienation”.Only by clearly grasping this special category about alienation,can it brings guidance to a systematic analysis of Marx's alienation theory then.Through an investigation about alienation in terms of semantics,it comes to a conclusion that Marx is not the earliest one to put forward the concept of alienation,its meaning also converted from the original " break from god" to expressing the relationship between subject and object.In present philosophical context of alienation,it is not difficult to find that alienation is a kind of relative relationship.Before Marx's research,the previous researches are based on a single level,which must have some limitations.Marx is different between the previous scholars,he found the changes in the the development of history.Marx critically inherited predecessors' theory and he creatively put forward the theory of alienation.Through analysis of alienation theory in-depth,we found that in different period of time,Marx used the concept of alienation in each of his works.Marx discussed the concept of alienation based on the reality of capitalism society instead of an abstract interpretation which has nothing to do with reality.Marx mainly discusses the labor alienation,the religious alienation and something else on the background of capitalism.For a better understanding of Marx's alienation in the perspective of human-being,we might as well put the theory of Marx in a more commonly used visual to analyze,namely the perspective of modernization.Capitalism is Marx's biggest modernity,but modernity has more meaning.Modernity is social performance characteristics and properties since the enlightenment,its essence is "rational" and "subjectivity".The capitalist private ownership have intensified class antagonism and conflict,leading to the problems of modernization,mainly characterized by survival dilemma,labor dilemma and development dilemma in the process of modernization.In the modern society,the alienation of human-being presents new characteristics,for example,power alienation has brought the deep social problems,technological progress deepened labor alienation,wealth alienation deepened human's slavery to objects.At the same time,people will also suffer from the realistic consequence of the alienation.Alienation problems hinders the development of man.In order to get rid of alienation's negative effect on people,it is a premise to understand the basic attributes of capital,recognizing the reality is a necessary request to overcome alienation and eliminate the private ownership,then we can turn sublating alienation into reality.From the perspective of the relationship between man and society,particularly from the relationship between relations of production of human-being and the social division of labor established on it,Marx analyzed the general characteristics of human-being.Besides,Marx deeply criticized the class problems exposed in capitalist society in the process of analyzing the basic social situation at that time.He revealed the "mystery of history",and "the free development of everyone",which was the realistic standard of eliminating the human alienation's phenomenon.Through the elaboration of Marx's ideal of communism and freedom and comprehensive development,it points out that the demise of capitalist private ownership and alienation is the basic condition for abandoning the alienation of modernity.Through the comparison of Marx and Marcuse,Fromm's alienation thoughts,can we point out the significance and value of Marx's Alienation Theory.