Analysis About The Meaning Extension Of “Dian”“Xian”“Mian” And Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

Modern Chinese verbs have a lot of significance complex and polysemous words.In them,there are a lot of words have numerous meanings,and strong word-formation ability,which is one of the key and difficult points in Chinese learning.This article select the “Dian” “Xian” “Mian” as the research object.Sorted and consulted a large number of documents,statistics and selected a large number of databases in the real corpus.We use cognitive linguistics to analyze semantic features,metonymy and metaphor cognitive models as the theoretical basis.By analyzing the meaning of “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian” in modern Chinese,this paper analyzes the semantic evolution and extension of “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian” and examines its extension in cognitive linguistics.Secondly through analyses the general usage of “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian”,this paper reveals the cognitive pattern and cognitive process reflected in the polyseme sense terms in Chinese.Thirdly,it analyzes the errors of the second language learners in the use of “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian”,and the types and causes of the errors.Finally,we try to combine the morpheme teaching and put forward the similar “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian” of the polysemous words teaching suggestions.This paper is divided into six chapters,the first section is the introduction.In this section,we discuss the value and significance of the topic.In the second part of this chapter,we also summarize the previous research results.The research ideas and research methods of this paper are explained in detail.Finally,the author puts forward the key point and innovation of this paper.First of all,we using the shape analysis method to trace the original meaning.The second chapter is the focus of the thesis,it is cognitive analysis of the extension of the meaning of “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian”.We divide it into three parts,the first is the “Dian” of the meaning of extended cognitive analysis,the second is the “Xian” of the meaning of extended cognitive analysis,the third is the “Mian” of the meaning of extended cognitive analysis.Each part is divided into noun meaning,verb meaning,quantifier meaning to summarized,analyzed and compared according to the same analysis pattern.Firstly,starting from the original meaning of “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian”,we find that the original meaning is Entitative Nouns.Secondly,we according to the historical context,following the process of human cognition to explain the extended path.The results show that all of them have extended the meaning of abstract nouns and verbs,and all of them have extended the meaning of quantifier in the spatial characteristics.The third chapter is based on the first chapter,discuss the influence and restriction of the extension’s cognitive motivation of the their meanings.This chapter mainly deals with the selection of nouns as “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian” as classifiers.In part two,the author describes the “Dian” “Mian” of that “Zai Zhe Yi+X+Shang” structure.We find that the combination of noun and quantifier “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian” is limited by the spatial features of the semantic and the spatial characteristics of the semantic category of prototype.The use of quantifier“Dian” for events is also related to the semantic features of “small” and the cultural psychology of modesty.We always say “Zai Zhe Yi+X+Shang”,but not to say “Zai Zhe Yi Mian Shang”.Because it is related to people’s spatial cognition in the process of “aspect or part”.The fourth chapter is based on the research of the second chapter and the first chapter.We collect a large number of real-word examples of L2 learners,and summarize the most likely types of errors and analyze the causes of errors.These errors show that the students are not familiar with the semantic features of the prototype,and the extension of the meaning of the word,so the perception and information obtained are not accurate,resulting in the actual use of errors.In the fifth chapter,we start from the Outline of Chinese Proficiency and the “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian” in the textbooks as morphemes,analyzed semantic meaning of each parameter.We find that many meanings of polysemous morphemes have appeared in the primary stage.Through the investigation of the students’ learning situation,we find that the students are ready for the study of polysemy in the primary stage.Finally,we take“Dian” “Xian” and “Mian” as examples to draw the semantic network of polysemy morpheme.Help students to use semantic meaning to infer meaning.To solve the second language learners prone to bias of the situation,put forward the teaching strategy of morpheme teaching.We only use this as a template for everyone to try to find the right teaching methods.In the discussion of “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian” of morpheme teaching.Research shows that the polysemy morpheme similar to “Dian” “Xian” and “Mian”,we should clear the polysemous morpheme,its original meaning and meaning and extension.The second,distinguish between its meaning and semantic differences.The third,master the method that use vocabulary semantic network.Only a good grasp of each morpheme’s morpheme meaning and characteristics,can quickly and a large number of Chinese vocabulary learning.