The Study Of The Rockefeller Foundation’s Assistance Program For European Refugee Scholars(1933-1945)

In 1913,the Rockefeller Foundation was registered formally in New York,whose goal was Promoting“the welling being of mankind throughout the world”.Since the First World War,gradually,theRockefellerFoundationconcernedthe development of European science,provided fellowships for Europe’s scholars and funds for their scientific programs.On January 30^th,1933,Hitler came to power,he started“the Movement of Cleaning Culture”,which made many German scholars dismissed and deported,political opponents and Jewish scholars especially.This movement of dismissing and deporting German scholars caused widely attention in world academic circle.The Rockefeller Foundation responsed it rapidly,came up with a policy of assisting German deposed scholars.With the Nazi Party persecuted scholars more and more deeply,these sufferers were forced to emigrate outside Germany,which includes English and America.In the Nazi era,the course of the Rockefeller Foundation assisting European Refugee Scholars was divided in three stages,which contained three assistance programs.This three programs were merged into one program that was“the Rockefeller Foundation’s assistance program for European Refugee Scholars”.The program played a important role in the course of assisting European refugee scholars.This paper is divided into four parts:The Part one,mainly discusses the background of the Rockefeller Foundation creating the program of European Refugee Scholars.In this chapter,introduces the Rockefeller Foundation’s subsidized policy for European scholars before the Nazi Party came to power and after.After the Nazi Party came to power,in particular,they made a movement of cleaning culture in Germany,the Rockefeller Foundation responsed it quickly for this intellectual crisis.The part two is the core content in this paper.This part mainly comprises the second chapter.In this chapter,chiefly introduces the course of the Rockefeller Foundation carring out its assisted program for European refugee scholars.This chapter is divided into three little parts,which dicuss the course of the Rockefeller Foundation assisting the European refugee scholars.The three little parts include the three subsidiary programs of the Rockefeller Foundation’s assisted program for European refugee scholars,which are consisted of the special research aid fund program for deposed scholars,aid deposed scholars program and Emergency program for European scholars,emphatically analyze how to carry out this three subsidiary programs.In the process of the program,with scholars greatly persecuted by the Nazi Party,this three programs have the discrepancy between each other and have different characters respectively.The part three,which primarily analyzes the factors of affecting the Rockefeller Foundation’s assisted program for European refugee scholars to carry out that are explored by the external situation.During the process of the Rockefeller Foundation assisting European refugee scholars,anti-Semitism and National policy are two important factors,which affected the program to be carried out.Thepartfour,mostlyassessestheRockefeller Foundation’s assisted program for European refugee scholars.This part summarizes the achievement of the Rockefeller Foundation’s assisted program for European refugee scholars and analyzes its charaters.The history of European scholars’s emigration is a migration of scholarly personnel in the world academic history.From the perspective of academic history,in this program,the Rockefeller foundation not only saved these refugee scholars’lives,but also insured the continuance of their scholarly work.