Rumination And Whirlpool: The Fusion Mechanism Of Chinese Poems In Contemporary "Literary Tibetan Area"

This thesis reports an important phenomenon and fundamental rule of rumination and whirlpool of Chinese poems in contemporary "Literary Tibetan Area" based on thorough analysis and interpretation of contemporary Chinese poems related with “Literary Tibetan Area”,including a vertical or historical evolution and a horizontal comparison of Tibetan-related poems,written by both Tibetan and non-Tibetan(mainly Han)ethnic poets.Rumination is the driving mechanism of the evolution of the longitudinal time dimension,with a focus on the diachronic differences in one-way dimension;while whirlpool is a multidimensional fusion of multiple factors,with a focus on coexistence of both different directions.In this thesis,the Introduction part first discusses the theoretical background of the use of the concept of "Literary Tibetan Area",and it suggests that the Tibetan area in literature should be considered as an organic whole,which is the transformation of criticism under the requirement of creative reality and the change to rational multilateral objective from unilateral relation.It further conducts the literature review and provides the research methodology used in this thesis.The reminder part of the thesis is divided into two chapters.The first chapter discusses “rumination” and begins with a description of “rumination" with a transformational perspective from a biological concept to a cultural phenomenon.It then provides detailed discussions on the historical development of Chinese poems in “Literary Tibetan Area” written by poets from Tibetan and Han ethnics.Tibetan poets have experienced a shift from outside to inside;that is,a process from a simple ideological writing activity to the ethnic consciousness,and from ethnic culture exhibition to self-reflection.During this transition process,their ethnic realization and consciousness come back from the previous ideological mindset.In contrast,during the same period Han poets have experienced a shift from the enlightenment to the worship and from the liberation and the construction of under-developed Tibet to seeking Tibet's spiritual blessing,mind peace and soul purity.They start to chew and absorb Tibetan spirit and culture which they previously quickly swallow subsequent to the traditional ecological disappearance.These two clues are both showing a contrasting reverse pattern form previous one-way acceptance,as well as a transformation process from the surface of the Tibetan symbols to the deep reflection and rumination of the true essence of Tibetan culture.The second chapter discusses “whirlpool”.It first describes “whirlpool” movement with a transformational perspective from a geographical concept to a cultural phenomenon.Then it proceeds further to discuss three important occurrences during the “whirlpool” process: collision,convergence,and re-born.It points out that a necessary condition to formulate “whirlpool” is the collision and conflicts of different cultural flows.The multicultural flows and crash generated during the social transition process have fundamentally awakened the Tibetan and Han poets,and have helped them find their hometowns from places far from home,identify their traditions from the modern civilization,and confirm their identities from a mixture.The whirlpool is a kind of multiple fusion form,and it can be generated because the attractiveness of different cultural flow is greater than that of refusal.The fusion between the Tibetan and Han can be found typically in the middle of cultural mixed areas and in the form of using Chinese characters to write poems.The convergence of two different cultures in the “whirlpool” process has created a unique spiritual phenomenon that is hallmarked as "you have me(my culture),I have you(your culture)".As such,Literary Tibetan Area has been constructed as a new and pure “spiritual dwelling”,and to certain extent it has become a new cultural image of Chinese literature.In the conclusion part,the thesis concludes that rumination and whirlpool are the important phenomenon and fundamental rules of the development of Chinese poetry in the contemporary "Literary Tibetan Area",which has deeply integrated Tibet and Han ethnics.The thesis also identifies several areas in the poetry writing that needs to be improved.Finally,it discusses the prospect of doing research in this growing academic area.