Discussion Of Compilation Of Foreign Chinese Textbooks From The Changes In Various Versions Of "Yu-yen Tzu-erh Chi"

"Yu-yen Tzu-erh Chi",a textbook written by Thomas Francis Wade,was used by the foreigners to learn Chinese in mid-19 th century.This book records a large number of real speech,vocabulary and grammar of Beijing dialect."Yu-yen Tzu-erh Chi" has been repeatedly reprinted,each version of which has changed in the content selection.This paper,taking 246 groups of similar sentences in the two versions of "Yu-yen Tzu-erh Chi" as the object of study,observes and compares thesimilarities and differences between the two versions from the aspects of speech,vocabulary,grammar and pragmatics,in order to find out the changes between the two versions.The full text is divided into five parts:In the first chapter,introducing the basic situation of "Yu-yen Tzu-erh Chi",summarizing the research status of "Yu-yen Tzu-erh Chi",concluding the results from the previous studies in some detail,and expounding the necessity of this research.In the second chapter,the changes between the first edition and the second edition of "Yu-yen Tzu-erh Chi" are found out from the perspective of speech,vocabulary and grammar.The changes in speech are mainly manifested in the changes according to the actual changes in language;the changes in vocabulary are mainly manifested in the narrowing of words,written words and phrases replaced by spoken words,the replacement between new and old words and other aspects.The changes in grammar are mainly manifested in the changes in word order,passive sentences replaced by active sentences,the addition of adverbs and other aspects.In the third chapter,the changes inpragmatic phenomenon between the two versions of "Yu-yen Tzu-erh Chi" are found out.For the second version,the pragmatic factors are added to the teaching materials mainly through four means.One is to increase the modified ingredients;the second is to increase the answer;the third is to increase the associated words;and the fourth is to make the expressions more fit the context through the replacement of words,phrases or sentences.In the fourth chapter,through the analysis of the previous chapters,the characteristics of the changes in 1886 re-edition are summed up,including practicability,scientificity,pertinence,innovative and rigorousness.In the fifth chapter,the enlightenment of the compiling of foreign Chinese textbooksis introduced in terms of vocabulary,grammar and pragmatics.The enlightenment from lexical selection criteria is that the selected words should conform to the orientation of the teaching materials,the words in the textbooks are adjusted and the specific words are optimized according to the changes in people's cognition and so on;the enlightenment fromgrammar is that the preparation of the teaching materials should be according to the actual learning level of the learners with the emphasis on word order and so on;the enlightenment frompragmatics is that the preparation of teaching materials should follow the pragmatic principles,the pragmatic meaning in the text structure,the consistency and coherence of the chapters should be paid attention to and so on.