Research On Community Resilience Of The Great Cultural Relics Of The Eighteen Imperial Mausoleums Of Tang Dynasty Based On DPSIR Structure Model

As listed on the National Cultural Relics, the Eighteen Imperial Mausoleums of Tang Dynasty (EIMTD) are historically and culturally precious assets. It is a great pity that fourteen of them nestling at the foot of the mountains have been damaged to a varying degree due to local residents'getting stones from breaking the mountains. The farming activities of local residents also pose threats to the mausoleums. Four mausoleums heaped by earth are also damaged as a result of local residents' farming. Firstly, the research applies DPSIR casual structure model "Driving-force-pressure-condition-influence-response "and constructs the social resilience cycle of the protected zone of EIMTD. Secondly, it also provides an evaluative indicator system of community resilience for EIMTD. Thirdly, the research adopts questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. It also analyzes the the sensibility of EIMTD and the spatial difference of the adaptability of local residents and correlation of sensibility of EIMTD and the adaptability of local residents.The research classifies households according to different types of farmers'livelihood and analyzes the difference of residents'adaptability according to different types of livelihood. Lastly the dissertation is concluded with countermeasures and suggestions for the protection and development of the Eighteen Mausoleums of Tang Dynasty. This research draws conclusions as follows:(1) Evaluative indicators in the indicative system of community resilience of EIMTD are correlated with community resilience of the relics of EIMTD. The indicators influencing community resilience of EIMTD mainly includes:the proportion of tourism income to household income, the quantity of laws and regulations on protecting EIMTD, the ratio of the quantity of repaired cultural relics on the ground to the quantity of the damaged, the household expenditure, the growth rate of per capita income, population density, the input and output of agricultural producing and the index of the yearly GDP growth rate.With regard to driving forces, the growth of the farmers'per capita income has great driving impact on community resilience of EIMTD. As far as pressures are concerned, the household expenditure has more weight than the output of agricultural production. The output of household expenditure is the major pressure confronted with the residents around EIMTD. In the respect of condition, the cultural relics remained on the ground have more weight than the original cultural relics. For those living around the mausoleums, the revenue generated from tourism is the most important influencing factor. With regard to influence, ancillary facilities and education of local residents and are most important factors. The laws and regulations on protecting EIMTD are the most important factors in the indicator of response.(2) The sensibility of different mausoleums of EIMTD varies greatly. The mausoleums with low sensibility are Qiangling, Qiaoling, Zhaoling, Chongling, Tailing; the mausoleums with medium sensibility are Jianling, Zhenling, Jingling, Xianling, Jianling, Duanling, Guanling, Zhuangling; the mausoleums with high sensibility are Jingling, Fengling, Dingling, Yuanling, Zhangling,(3) Adaptability of residents living around EIMTD varies greatly at different level and measurement.At the macro level (community), the research indicates that the adaptability of residents living around EIMTD varying from high to low are as follows, Qiaoling, Yuanling, Qianling, Xianling, Zhuangling, Zhaoling, Tailing, Dingling, Zhangling, Jianling, Guanling, Jingling.At the micro level (household), according to the classification of different types of livelihood, tourism-based households are more adaptive than tourism-combined households; tourism-combined households are more adaptive than farming-and-working-based households; farming-and-working-based households are more adaptive than working-based households; farming-based households has the lowest sensibility.(4) The research adopts correlation analysis to calculate the correlation coefficient, which implies that the sensibility of EIMTD has linear correlation with the adaptability of local residents. Based on the above analysis, the adaptability of the residents in Qiaoling and Qianling with low sensibility are more adaptive, whereas the adaptability of the residents in Jianling, Zhangling, Jingling are less adaptive.(5)The community resilience of EIMTD has spatial difference, based on the analysis of 37 indicators, such as social economic driving forces, life and production pressures of the residents, the condition of the relics, materials, finance, social state and residents' sensibility and response. The community resilience of EIMTD varying high to low are as follows, Qiaoling, Qianling, Zhaoling, Xianling, Yuanling, Tailing, Zhuangling, Dingling, Jingling, Zhangling and Jiangling.