Prohibiting Pornographic Chinese Ancient Opera And Novel During The Middle And Latter Periods Of Qing Dynasty

The main topic of the paper is composed of four parts,inspect the movement and process of prohibiting Chinese ancient opera and novel in Jiangnan region during the middle and latter period of Qing Dynasty in sequence,discuss the historical background and cause behind,expound the real situation about opera performing and novel spreading,analyze the result and social effect on prohibiting monographic opera and novel,and then explore the fundamental reason of inconspicuous effects."Wu's musical is the best all over the world",in the middle and latter periods of Qing Dynasty,social commodity production of Jiangnan region was the most flourishing,the performance of ancient opera was the most popular,and the spread of novel was the most prosperous.From ancient opera and novel is easy to corrupt,lead to stealing and bandits,based on the perspective of social security,the whole time of Qing Dynasty,was keeping the policy of the Ming Dynasty,prohibiting pornographic opera and novel strictly.Whether government or individual,whether gentry or opera industry,in order to carry out the central government policy,both adopt measure of prohibiting and destroying performance of pornographic opera and spread of novel.Prohibiting pornographic opera and novel in Jiangnan region,is not a matter of the later period in the Qing Dynasty,and began in the early time of the Kangxi,but in middle and later period of Qing Dynasty it played the most intense.Based on requests of officials and ban of central government,the scope of prohibition can be mainly divided into two aspects,one is the destruction of opera text and novel,the other is the ban of opera watching and novel publishing.If anyone breaks the prohibition,he'll face the punishment.If the local officials were not supervising well,he'll also be punished.Reviewing the process of prohibition in Jiangnan region,during the whole period of Qing Dynasty,feature of prohibition in each time is quite different.In Kangxi Period,prohibition is just about base ban,due to opera and novel may corrupt morality.In Qianlong Period,things changed a lot.Jiangnan region entered one of the most prosperous period of economy and culture,social life becoming luxurious,more and more types of opera appeared.In this period,added a lot of prohibitions,such as the prohibition of funeral opera performances,the banning of opening scenes,and the banning of acting Huabu.During the period of Daoguang Period,several big movements of prohibiting operas and novels happened in Jiangnan.During the Tongzhi Period,Ding Richang became governor of Jiangsu province,and he take the prohibition into highlight.Each prohibition in Jiangnan region depends on and the cooperation of official and gentry.The local government of jiangnan region invariably launched a series of measures to ban and destroy pornographic opera and novel destruction of the law and drama,the reason is complex.From the point of moral culture,the novel may attract people who is not set up the right moral values In terms of people's lif?e and social consumption,playing opera may cost a large count of money and affect normal consumption.Judging from Ku Opera and Yi Opera,they need the political power from the government to protect them from declining.Study on the whole China especially Jiangnan region,the reality about opera and novel is that,the prohibition and destruction of pornographic opera and novel published by Jiangnan local government,on the surface,it seems get a certain effect.It benefits the social consciousness,morals and values,but actually,when you can find,the affection doesn't continue a long time.What makes this more horrible is that,it takes negative impacts not only on social life and civil livelihood,but also on economic development and social stability.It has lots of complicated reasons lead to these situation.One is that the market has changed greatly.Next is opera and novel is really not tumor like what officials see,indeed it's the main or basic entertainment form for each social strata,constituting the important content of social life,and the general public life.Third,the scope of the pornographic opera and novel is too broad,and it is difficult to determine.Four is the denial,though there are law and regulations,but in fact it becomes the institutional arrangements,totally depends on the officials' individual value.sometimes too tight,sometimes too loose,The fifth is that,the consumption of opera shouldn't be seen as waste,it's the necessary livelihood of the ordinary people.Lots of people work in these industries,if government prohibit,they'll prohibit people's life.In conclusion,it's whimsical to force people to keep away from opera and novel industry.