The Relationship Of Parenting Style,Psychological Capital,Anxiety And Well-being Of Primary School Children

Parenting style is a relatively stable strategy that parents tend to use in their child rearing.It can enrich children's psychological resources that help them adapt to new environment and improve their well-being on one hand,and stop the children from going forward in the face of difficulties and let them become closed and depressed on the other hand.This thesis aims to discuss the influences of parenting style on the well-being of primary school children,and seek the mechanism through which psychological capital and anxiety affect primary school children's well-being in different parenting styles.The thesis includes three researches: in the first research,the author made Anxiety Scale for Primary School Children on the basis of questionnaires filled in turn by 151 and 593 primary school children;in the second research,the author formed Psychological Capital Scale for Primary School Children on the basis of questionnaires filled by 185 and 590 primary school children;in the third research,the author tested 599 primary school children on the above-mentioned scales as well as PBI and W-E Well-being Scale in order to understand current status of primary school children's parenting styles,psychological capital,anxiety and well-being,thus discuss how psychological capital and anxiety affect primary school children's well-being in different parenting styles.Conclusions are drawn below:The Anxiety Scale for Primary School Children includes three factors – test anxiety,social anxiety and learning anxiety.The scale is reliable,valid and suitable for the measurement of primary school children's anxiety.The revised Psychological Capital Scale for Primary School Children includes five factors – confidence,gratitude,self-reliance,friendliness and optimism.The scale well illustrates the structure of primary school children's psychological capital and is reliable and valid in measuring those children's psychological capital.Primary school children's parenting styles are relatively positive(mothers:M=50.41,SD=7.45;fathers: M=50.37,SD=7.87),their psychological capital(M=109.01,SD=15.69)and well-being(M=51.00,SD=9.05)stay on a high level,and the level of anxiety(M=69.66,SD=13.84)remains low.Academic record and being class leaders or not are two important factors influencing the primary children,especially in terms of parent style,psychological capital,anxiety and well-being(P<0.05).Among all the factors influencing children's well-being,parenting style ranks the first.It plays its role in two ways: the direct effect model and the indirect effect model.Mothers' parenting styles explain 46.7% of the variation on children's well-being,in which direct effect accounts for 35.19% and indirect effect 64.81%.Fathers' parenting styles explain 47.0% of the variation on children's well-being,in which direct effect accounts for 41.68% and indirect effect 58.32%.