The Effects Of Different Achievement Goals For Students' Self-handicapping In The Feedback Situations

Self-handicapping is a protective strategy which is used to manipulate self or others' evaluation and attribution about own capability, it often occurs in a situation like the individual wants to avoid possible negative results,intentionally or unintentionally,by reducing the effort or setting obstacles.Previous studies mainly have focused on the many relevant factors about self-handicapping.In recent years,some studies have shown that situation factors on the occurrence of self-handicapping have a negligible impact.Therefore,the study combined of situation factors can deepen people's understanding of handicapping occurred.But experiment research in this aspect in detail is a little thin.In my experiments I set two types of situations of feedback and non-contingent feedback sued of experimentation and questionnaire to research different undergraduate with different goals orientation of usage of self-handicapping strategies in these different situations. The study is consisted of 2 experiments. In experiment 1aims to discusses whether the feedback has a influence on individual self-handicapping.The results show that the group of feedback is significantly less than no feedback.That is, feedback can reduce the level of the self-handicapping.Based on previous studies,under the situation of non-contingent feedback self-handicapping is significantly higher than the true feedback.The experiment 2aims to know that when non-contingent positive or negative feedback triggers uncertainty of self-image, what chages of achievement goal orientation students' selfHanddicapping.The results show that there are interaction between achievement goal orientation and non-contingent feedback.Conclusions:(a)It is universal for claimed self-handicapping.(b)Under the situation of evaluation,men make more self-handicapping behavior than women.(c)Non-contingent feedback and achievement goal orientations have a significant impact on self-handicapping.(d)In the situation of non-contingent positive feedback,behavioral and claimed self-handicapping levels are significantly lower than non-contingent negative feedback condition.The results illustrate the positive emotions can help people deal with the negative perception.Therefore, it is necessary to give students positive assessment and keep evaluation consistency.