The Fox Images Of The Classical Chinese Novels During Qianlong And Jiaqing Period

Fox has a unique significance in Chinese culture. Since the Pre-Qin dynasty, fox was constantly written into the ancient literature. Not only religious significance it has, but also aesthetic and ethical significance. The early Qing dynasty is a summit of fox image development, in addition to Pu Songling's "Liaozhai zhiyi", more and more novel of fox appeared, such as JiYun's "Yuewei caotang biji", Yuan Mei's "Zibuyu", "Xu Zibuyu", Changbai haogezi's "Yingchuang yicao", He Bang'e's "Yetan suilu" in Qian Long and Jia Qing period. Fox image of all dynasties conduct their rein in Qianjia period of the classical Chinese novels to accumulate and create, the formation of multiple features.In Qianjia period* scholars like to talk about fox and ghost stories, and put it as an activity fashion; They also love the planchette writing, divination, and reciting poems. These behaviors as literati games, affect the fox's image.Fox has multiple features in Qianjia period. On the one hand, these features from recorded the story of the literati, collected throughout most of the story is from everywhere. These stories, mingled with the people for the same or different point of view of fox, sometimes even conflicting attitudes. So the fox shows the characteristics of complex, scattered, fragmented; On the other hand, the fox in the Qing dynasty, has God, fairy, goblins, monsters, human, such as multiple characteristics. Fox multiple features, make the relationship between human and fox also varied, the relationship between human and fox, often is the worship and hate, fear and use, acceptance and doubt, such as a variety of emotions. And these relationships, hate more than to worship, use more than fear, doubt more than to accept.As a kind of ideal and aesthetic image, scholars praise highly the fox, including putting the female fox as ideal wife and male fox as the ideal self. As literary ideal wife, female fox has beauty, talent, ability, virtue and emotion. Scholars give fox so good image, the reason is that the image can satisfy the need for affection, and even change the realistic situation that scholars are difficult to marry, and help scholars deal with family affairs.Male fox reflects literati ideal self image in three aspects:having learned much knowledge, maintaining justice, sage like type. Fox has been a metaphor for the social crisis, the similarity between fox and the prostitutes, barbarians, refugees, thieves, indicates the opposition and tensions between human and fox, also reflects the scholar view of society.Different fox image reflects the social reality and personal circumstances influence on literary creation. The ambiguity of fox image, and the ambiguity of relationship between fox and human, reflected the literati complex psychology in the real situations.