| Rheumatoid arthritis?RA?is a chronic,autoinflammatory disease which can influence1-2%of the world's population and can be considered as the critical cause of disability.Previous theories on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis normally concentrated on autoantibodies and immune complexes,of which synovitis and joint damage are important parts of the pathogenesis of RA.These researches normally demonstrated the abnormal proliferation of synovial cells and inflammatory cell infiltration.In addition,inflammatory cytokine such as interleukin?IL?-1?,IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-??TNF-??and matrix metalloproteinases?MMPs?secreted by synovial vasospasm invade cartilage play an important role,causing synovitis and bone damage.Based on pathogenic mechanisms,particular therapeutic interventions prevent synovial inflammation and joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.In China,the application of Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of RA has a long history.In recent years,a large number of studies have confirmed that many Chinese herbal medicines have a significant effect on RA,and a considerable number of clinical trials have also reported on the anti-rheumatic efficacy of many Chinese herbal medicines.Sarcandra hainanensis includes the whole plant of Sarcandra hainanensis?Pei?Swamy et Bail.According to the records of the“Yi Medicine”,S.hainanensis is flat,bitter and slightly numb,and includes clearing heat and detoxicating.It can also motivate the blood circulation and dispelling blood stasis,which can be used to treat rheumatic arthritis and lumbago.In this study,we observed the effect of different effective sites of S.hainanensis on the protein expression of NF-?B,MMP-2,and MMP-9 in synovial tissue of the ankle joints of adjuvant arthritis?AA?rats,and screened the best active site for RA treatment that can give more theoretical basis for the improvement of the S.hainanensis for the treatment of RA.First,120 SD rats were separated equally into blank group,model group,nimesulide group randomly,High-,medium-,and low-dose groups of petroleum ether extract?SHPE?,ethyl acetate extract?SHEA?and n-butanol extract?SHNB?of S.hainanensis(5.0,2.5,1.25 g·kg-1,based on the amount of crude drug).AA Rat Model was constructed by appling Complete Freund's Adjuvant.Morphological changes in synovial tissue of the ankle joints of rats were observed.The levels of IL-1?,IL-6,IL-10,NO,TNF-?,and PGE2 in serum of rats were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay?ELISA?.The expression of NF-?B and MMP-2 in synovium of rats was detected by immunohistochemistry.The results show the high and middle dose groups in each active site of S.hainanensis significantly reduced the abnormal proliferation of synovial cells,decreasing the infiltration of inflammatory cells.The levels of IL-1?,IL-6,NO,TNF-?,and PGE2 in serum of AA rats were dropped correspondingly in different degrees,and the aounmt of IL-10 were improved.The protein content of NF-?B,MMP-2,and MMP-9 in the synovial tissue was reduced.Among them,the petroleum ether fraction works best.the mechanism of A treatment of RA may be through down-regulation of NF-?B,MMP-2,MMP-9 protein expression in synovial tissue of AA rats,preventing the inflammatory cytokines'production,thereby accelerating apoptosis and improving synovial membrane Lesions,Comprehensive analysis,the mechanism of S.hainanensis against RA may be related to down-regulating the protein expression of NF-?B,MMP-2,MMP-9 in synovial tissue of AA rats,prevention of inflammatory cytokine production,thereby accelerating apoptosis,improving slip membrane lesions.And the treatment of S.hainanensis petroleum ether extract is bigger than that of ethyl acetate and n-butanol. |
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