| Objective:(1)To explore the effect of cadmium exposure on urinary cadmium levels in a city,and analyze relationship between sex,age,smoking,drinking and other factors with urinary cadmium.(2)To explore the renal function damage in the environmental cadmium and non-polluted areas of this city,analyze the effect of urinary cadmium on renal tubular function and glomerular function.(3)To explore the effects of cadmium exposure on plasma TGF-?1 and Smad3 levels and the relationship with renal impairment.(4)To explore the role of TGF-?1/Smad3 related mi RNA expression in renal injury induced by cadmium exposure,and to provide evidence for the mechanism of renal injury induced by cadmium exposure.Methods:In this study,we choose the residents of a natural village with serious pollution irrigation and soil cadmium content higher of this city as exposure group,and residents in a village 32 km away without polluted irrigation history as the control group.Combined with the questionnaire,collected two subjects general conditions,health status information and biological samples.Adopt Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry(ICP-MS)determination the urinary cadmium levels of study subjects.Human renal injury factor-1,urinary albumin,plasma TGF-?1 and Smad3 levels were deteced by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity was detected by colorimetric method,creatinine oxidase method for detceted of creatinine in urinary.Real-Time PCR analysis the TGF-?1/Smad3 related miRNAs expression in exposed cadmium with renal abnormal and control groups.Comparison between groups using t test,unsatisfied test conditions using non-parametric test,in addition,Chi-square test,rank correlation,and multiple linear regression were used to explore the relationship between the indicators.Results:1?There was no significant difference in the sex,body mass index,smoking and drinking between the environmental cadmium exposure group and the control group(P>0.05),age composition have statistical significance(P<0.05).2?The study subjects urinary cadmium levels and renal dysfunction(1)The level of urinary cadmium in the cadmium exposed group was higher than the control group(P<0.001),the urinary cadmium level of male and female exposed group was also higher than the same gender control group(P<0.05).The urinary cadmium level of the exposed group increased with age(P<0.05).(2)The UNAG levels of high urinary cadmium group was higher than the low urinary cadmium group(P<0.05)and increased with age(P<0.001).UALB levels was higher than the control group(P<0.001)and increased with age(P<0.05).(3)The urinary cadmium and age were positively correlated with UKim-1,UNAG and UALB.(4)UNAG was affected by urinary cadmium and age b' was 0.255 and 0.158 respectively.UALB was affected by urinary cadmium b' was 0.277.3?The Effect of urinary cadmium on the levels of plasma TGF-?1 and Smad3 and their relationship with renal injury(1)Plasma TGF-?1 level in high urinary cadmium group was higher than the low urinary cadmium group(P<0.05),the plasma Smad3 level in the high urinary cadmium group was also higher than the low urinary cadmium group(P<0.001).(2)Urinary cadmium was positively correlated with plasma TGF-?1 and Smad3,plasma TGF-?1 and Smad3 were positively correlated with UKim-1.4?The expression of TGF-?1/Smad3 related miRNA-21,miRNA-192 and miRNA-126 in the renal dysfunction group exposed to cadmium was higher than the normal group withlow cadmium exposure group(P<0.001).Conclusions:(1)With the increase of age and the accumulation of cadmium in the body,renal function damage was more obvious.(2)Environmental cadmium exposure can lead to increased plasma TGF-?1 and Smad3 levels,and may play a role in the renal tubular damage induced by cadmium exposure.(3)The expression of TGF-?1/Smad3 related miRNA-21,miRNA-192 and miRNA-126 in the renal dysfunction group exposed to cadmium was higher than the control group and related miRNAs may play a role through the TGF-?1/Smad3 signaling pathway. |
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