Relationship Of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms With Susceptibility,Surgical Outcome And Prognosis Of Hallux Valgus In A Chinese Han Population

Background: This study aimed to identify the relationship between the vitamin D receptor(VDR)Bsm I gene polymorphism and risk factors,surgical outcome and prognosis of hallux valgus(HV).Methods: A case-control study was performed on a cohort of 236 HV patients and236 controls in a Chinese Han population.Detection of the VDR Bsm I/G2 A polymorphism was performed using restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction.Results: We detected a statistically significant difference in the allele distribution of the Bsm I polymorphism between cases and controls(p <0.01).Significant loss of hallux valgus angle(HVA)and intermetatarsal angle(IMA)correction was only noted in patients with the bb genotype during the 2–year follow–up period(p <0.01).The average American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)scores at the 2-year follow-up were decreased in both groups when compared with those at the 6 month follow-up,and 1.45 points more decrease in patients with the bb genotype was observed as compared to those with the BB and Bb genotypes(p <0.0001).The average visual analogue scales(VAS)also had the tendency with more pains in the bb genotype group(p <0.0001).Furthermore,larger numbers of transfer metatarsalgia were found in patients with the bb genotype upon 2-year follow-up(p =0.049).Conclusions: We report the first candidate gene polymorphism associated with susceptibility,surgical outcome and prognosis of HV in a Chinese Han population.Moreover,development of genetically-based method to predict the surgical outcome accurately and individualized therapy for HV are warranted.