Comparison Of Pulmonary Function And Clinical Features Of Early Aspiration Pneumonia And Non-aspiration Pneumonia In Elderly Patients

ObjectivePneumonia is a common disease of the elderly,which has seriously affected their life quality.With the arrival of the aging of the population in China,aspiration pneumonia is increasing and the mortality rate is high,but there are only dysphagia and coughing reflex weakened in the early stage of aspiration pneumonia,there was no obvious cough,and its symptoms were atypical,It is difficult to distinguish from non-aspiration pneumonia.In this study,The clinical features and pulmonary function of early aspiration pneumonia were observed,through the comparison of the clinical data and lung function of patients with early aspiration pneumonia and non-aspiration pneumonia.It provides a reference for clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment.MethodsA prospective study was performed,from April 2016 to January 2018.A total of 73 elderly patients were selected,who were diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia and received treatment in our department of respiratory medicine.According to the results of water swallow test and the swallowing function test of fibrous bronchoscopy,26 positive patients were used as the trial group and 47 negative patients were included in the control group.According to the requirements of this trial investigated,the clinical data and lung function of the subjects were general analyzed and compared,Enumeration data were checked by chi-square(X2)test,and t statistic was used to measure data.Result1.The results of the analysis of two groups of counting data: there was no statistical difference in gender among the groups(P > 0.05).The incidence of pneumonia in the trial group was mostly concentrated in the middle and lower lungs.The incidence of high fever,sputum volume,rate of breathing,the detection rate of acquired bacteria in hospital and the rate of antibiotic upgrades were higher than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).2.Analysis results of two groups of measurement data: APACHE II score,age,percentage of vital capacity estimated before and after treatment,the percentage of the maximum voluntary ventilation volume estimated before treatment,the rate of one second before and after treatment and the percentage of R20 estimated before and after treatment,there was no statistical difference in the two groups(P>0.05).Pneumonia cured time was higher in the trial group than in the control group.The percentage of the maximum voluntary ventilation volume estimated after treatment,the percentage of the maximum middle expiratory flow velocity estimated before and after treatment,the measured values of X5 before and after treatment,these measures above were greatly lower in the trial group than in the control group(P < 0.05).The Fres value before and after treatment was higher in the trial group than in the control group.The differences are statistically significant(P < 0.05).ConclusionsThis study shows that the early aspiration pneumonia in elderly patients accounts for about 35% of the community acquired pneumonia,inflammation mostly occurred in the middle and lower lobe,severe symptoms of whole body and respiratory tract at admission,high detection rate of acquired bacteria in hospital,poor sensitivity to antibiotics,high rate of antibiotic upgrading and replacement therapy,the duration of treatment was significantly longer than in non-aspiration pneumonia.Pulmonary function tests showed that the ventilatory reserve function of early aspiration pneumonia decreased and the small airway function decreased significantly.Given the factors above,early identification of aspiration pneumonia is very critical.Early diagnosis and effective treatment maybe tend to reducing lung function damage.