Effects Of Different Types Of Nasal Decongestant On Morphology Of Nasal Mucosa In Rats

Objective:This experiment observes the rat nasal mucosa by apply two kinds of single compound nasal decongestant(Oxymetazoline 0.05%,Naphazoline 0.05%)and multiple compounds nasal decongestant(1%Cromolyn sodium + 0.025%Naphazoline Hydrochloride + 0.25%Chlorphenamine Maleate)separately.To explore microstructure and ultrastructural changes after intervention in different duration,and understand of changes in nasal mucosa after continuous use of decongestants.Methods:48 Wistar rats were used as model animals,divided into 4 groups,0.9%saline was used as control gropup,oxymetazoline group with 0.05%oxymetazoline hydrochloride as nasal spray,naphazoline group with 0.05%.Multiple compounds group was used 1%cromolyn sodium,0.025%naphazoline hydrochloride and 0.25%chlorphenamine maleate as the nasal spray.The frequency of administration of each group twice a day,and each side of the nose is sprayed only once.Then the rats were treated with one week,two weeks and four weeks.The mucosa was observed under optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,projection electron microscope and cell morphology.Results:Continuous use of these three kinds of nasal decongestant included 0.05%oxymetazoline,0.05%naphazoline and the multiple compounds nasal spray(ingredient of 1%cromolyn sodium,0.025%naphazoline hydrochloride and 0.25%chlorphenamine maleate)for two weeks caused rat mucosal epithelial cilia loss.The damage of nasal mucosa in rat is relatively small while continuous use of 0.05%oxymetazoline a week twice a day.The Continuous use of 0.05%naphazoline a week twice a day observed rat mucosal epithelium goblet cell proliferation,when Continuous use of 0.05%naphazoline for four weeks,the typical morphology of rat mucosal epithelium disappeared and the cell structure changed.Compare with these three kinds of nasal decongestant,the multiple compounds nasal spray(ingredient of 1%cromolyn sodium,0.025%naphazoline hydrochloride and 0.25%chlorphenamine maleate)showed the nasal mucosa tend to recover than 0.05%oxymetazoline and 0.05%naphazoline in rat.Conclusions:Nasal decongestant should be used less in two weeks and the use of one week is most suitable basis on our observation.The use of three kinds of nasal decongestant included 0.05%oxymetazoline,0.05%naphazoline and the multiple compounds nasal spray(ingredient of 1%cromolyn sodium,0.025%naphazoline hydrochloride and 0.25%chlorphenamine maleate)showed rat mucosal epithelium changed for two weeks.The mechanism of smaller damage in rat mucosal epithelium when comparing with the usage of multiple compounds nasal spray and the other single compounds nasal.spray(0.05%oxymetazoline and 0.05%naphazoline)for four weeks needs more investigation.