| 1.BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a chronic and metabolic disease which has the characteristics of increasing chronic blood glucose and secreting Insulin absolutely or relatively inadequately,caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors.Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with multiple risk factors,complicated pathogenesis and duration.Diabetes mellitus has become the third-biggest disease after cardiovascular disease and cancer.Diabetes has become a serious public health problem.Considering to China's aging population,the prevalence of diabetes is elevated,which suggests that the prevention and treatment of diabetes is urgent.The prevalence of diabetes is obviously greater in cities than in rural areas.The cross-secrtional data shows that the cognition level of dietary knowledge of diabetic patients is general poor.Education is critical to dietary knowledge.There is no recognized,viable,effective pattern of health education for diabetes patients.The current major model is known as"Knowledge,Attitude and Practice".The healthy education intervention of diabetic patients has some positive effects on blood glucose control,therapeutic effect,knowledge cognition and self-management.Healthy education intervention is one of valid and basic strategy for curing diabetes.2.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to explore the current situation and influencing factors of cognitive of dietary knowledge,attitude of accepting dietary education and the therapeutic effect of diabetic patients in Jinan area.Through the study of cognitive of dietary knowledge,attitude of accepting dietary education and the therapeutic effect of diabetic patients,we could provide suggestions and strategies for improving cognitive of dietary knowledge and changing attitude of dietary education.The results were good for gaining better therapeutic effect.3.MethodsThis study was selected from the outpatient service and inpatient ward in five tertiary hospitals of Jinan.The questionnaire came from China Diet Management in Diabetes.The project adopted mobile Internet technology to investigate and record the dietary habits of diabetic patients and strengthen the dietary management.The investigators included doctors and nurses responsible for this project.The survey adopted the way of inquiry about patients to ensure the quality of the questionnaire.630 questionnaires were distributed and 618 valid questionnaires were collected.The valid rate was 98.1%.The questionnaire mainly included basic information,cognitive of dietary knowledge,attitude of accepting dietary education and therapeutic effect associated with diabetes.The treatment effect of diabetes was mainly determined bythe gold standard of blood glucose control(HbA1c<7%).We used SPSS 16.0 to carry out statistical analysis.?2 test,t test or U test were used for characteristics comparison and univariate analysis.Binary logistic regression model was used to explore influencing factors of cognitive of dietary knowledge,attitude of accepting dietary education and therapeutic effect.4.Main resultsThe cognitive of dietary knowledge associated with diabetic patients was poor,and the rate of cognitive was 32.8%.Diabetic patients with living in rural area(OR=2.235,95%CI:1.268-3.938),not accepting dietary education(OR=4.436,95%CI:2.971-6.6223)and moderate family income per year(OR= 1.656,95%CI:1.131-2.424)had poor cognitive of dietary knowledge.94.5%of the patients thought that the dietary education had an important role in curing diabetes.86.7%of patients were able to stick to take advantage of dietary knowledge to arrange their food.88.8%of the patients were able to manage three meals a day with suitable energy,time and amount.Diabetic patients with living in rural area(OR=2.731,95%CI:1.285-5.801),not accepting dietary education(OR=4.822,95%CI:2.036-11.419),and obesity(OR=3.403,95%CI:1.285-9.009)tended to think dietary education was useless.Diabetic patients with shorter diagnosis of time(0-2 years)(OR=2.655,95%CI:1.371-5.143)and not accepting dietary education(OR=9.741,95%CI:5.017-18.910)were not able to stick to take advantage of dietary knowledge to arrange their food.Diabetic patients with shorter diagnosis of time(0-2 years:OR=2.847,95%CI:1.367-5.931;3-8 years:OR=2.151,95%CI:1.018-4.548)and not accepting dietary education(OR=4.849,95%CI:2.654-8.859)were not able to manage three meals a day with suitable energy,time and amount.Diabetic patients with poor treatment accounted for 61.3 percent.Diabetic patients with longer diagnosis of time(9-30 years)(OR=1.866,95%CI:1.231-2.827),and not accepting dietary education(OR= 1.561,95%CI:1.114-2.188)had poor therapeutic effect.5.Conclusions and suggestionsThe cognitive of dietary knowledge associated with diabetic patients is poor.The attitude of accepting dietary education is well and three items associated with attitude of accepting dietary education all had a positive response with above 85%.Diabetic patients with poor treatment accounted for 61.3 percent.Diabetic patients with living in rural area,not accepting dietary education and moderate family income per year had poor cognitive of dietary knowledge.An important influencing factor of attitude of accepting dietary education is dietary education before.Diabetic patients with longer diagnosis of time and not accepting dietary education had poor therapeutic effect.Strengthening dietary education of the elderly in rural areas,intensifying propaganda,and taking a variety of ways of publicity could strengthen the cognition of dietary knowledge and change the attitude of education.In order to control their blood glucose in the normal range,relevant government should focus on long-term patients with diabetes,regularly following up,strengthening dietary education,and improving cognition. |
PDF Full Text Request