Effects And Possible Mechanisms Of Right Stellate Ganglion Block For Spatial Learning And Memory Function Of Rats With Acute Sleep Deprivation

Objective:To investigate whether the right stellate ganglion block in rats can improve the spatial learning and memory dysfunction induced by acute sleep deprivation by alleviating the damage of hippocampus in rats.Methods:64 male Sprague Dawley rats(220-250g)were randomly divided into C(control)group,ASD(acute sleep deprivation)group,SGB(stellate ganglion block)group and SGB+ASD group(n=16).According to the method of ABDI S,the right stellate ganglion block was given by the posterior approach of rats in SGB group and SD+SGB group.The blocking time was 6 days before SD to the end of the experiment.ASD Group and C group were injected with equal amount of normal saline.Rats in ASD group and SGB group were treated with modified multi platform water environment(Modified multiple plateform method,MMPM)to induce acute sleep deprivation.The rats were able to move freely and freely in a number of platforms close to the level of 1cm,but can't sleep,the total time of sleep deprivation was 96h;Under the same water environment,SGB group and C group were treated with large platform method,and rats can sleep at will.Morris water maze test was performed after acute sleep deprivation in rats,recording the latency of the rats,the number of crossing platform and the residence time of target quadrant.8 rats were randomly selected from the rats of the four groups to perform cerebral tissue perfusion and fixation by computer generated random numbers,HE staining was used to detect the changes of the hippocampus in rats.Simultaneous,fresh hippocampal tissue and serum from four groups of rats were collected on ice,preserved in liquid nitrogen,the expression of Caspase-3 in hippocampus of rats was detected by Western blotting,the content of IL-6,IL-1?,and MT(Melatonin,MT)in rat hippocampus were detected by ELISA.Results:(1)The latency of the ASD group was significantly longer than that of the C group(P<0.05),and both the times of crossing the platform and the percentage of target quadrant time of ASD group were significantly decreasedthan those of the C group(P<0.05);The latency of the SGB+ ASD group was significantly shorter than that of the ASD group(P<0.05),however,both the times of crossing the platform and the percentage of target quadrant time of SGB+ ASD group were significantly increasedthan those of the groupASD(P<0.05);Compared with the C group,the latency,the times of crossing the platform and the percentage of target quadrant time of SGB group had no significant difference(P>0.05).(2)Hippocampal pathology results showed that the damage of hippocampal pyramidal neurons cells of rats in ASD group were significantly higher than those in C group(P<0.05);The damage of hippocampal pyramidal neurons cellsof rats in SGB+ASD groupwere significantly lower than those in ASD group(P<0.05);Compared with C group,the damage of hippocampal pyramidal neurons cells of rats in group SGB had no significant difference(P>0.05).(3)The expression of IL-6,IL-1 and Caspase-3 protein in hippocampus of rats in ASD group were significantly higher than those in group C(P<0.05),The serum MT level in ASDgroup was lower than that in Cgroup(P<0.05);The expression of IL-6,IL-1 and Caspase-3 protein in hippocampus of rats in SGB +ASD group were significantly lower than those in group ASD(P<0.05),The serum MT level in SGB +ASDgroup was higher than that in ASD group(P<0.05);Compared with C group,there were no significant difference in the content of IL-6,IL-1 beta,relative expression of Caspase-3 protein in hippocampus and serum MT of rats in SGB group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The right side of SGB can alleviate the excessive inflammatory response,neuronal apoptosis and decreased MT secretion in rats with acute sleep deprivation,and then improve the spatial learning and memory impairment induced by ASD.