Prevalence Of Cardio-cerebrovascular Risk Factors In The Middle-aged And Elderly Community Population

ObjectivesWe investigated the prevalence of cardio-cerebrovascular risk factors in the middle-aged and elderly community population to screen out the population who were at high risk for stroke,and to determine the 10-year risk for coronary heart disease for the further risk management.MethodsA resident group of 1140 subjects aged 40 years or older was selected for a cross-sectional survey according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria from May 2016 to July 2016 in two communities in Fujian Province.The investigation of demographic information and cardio-cerebrovascular risk factors,physical examination,and laboratory examination were conducted.The independent sample t-test or one-way analysis of variance was used for the positive distribution data.The Mann-Whitney U or Kruskal Wallis H-test was performed for skew distribution data and Chi-square test was performed for categorical variables.Binary logistic regression or covariance analysis was used to analyze the relationship between cardio-cerebrovascular risk factors and education levels or average income levels.Results1.A resident group of 1140 subjects was selected for the study,including 382 men and 758 women,with the average age of 57.9±10.1 years and the sex ratio of 1:1.98.One hundred and ninety-eight subjects with high risk of stroke were screened out,accounting for 17.4% of the total population.The 10-year risk for coronary heart disease was 2%(1%,8%).2.Men had higher prevalence of smoking and heavy drinking,higher systolic blood pressure,serum creatinine and uric acid than women,while women had higher prevalence of lacking exercise,overweight or obesity,and higher serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)(all P < 0.05).Prevalence of hypertension and diabetes,which standardized by age in the population,were significant lower while prevalence of dyslipidemia and atrial fibrillation were higher in men than those in women(all P < 0.05).3.The prevalence of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,lack of exercise,renal insufficiency,hyperuricemia were increased with the increasing of age(all P < 0.05).4.After adjustment for age and gender,the prevalence of dyslipidemia,diabetes,lack of exercise,renal insufficiency and hyperuricemia were increased with the higher education levels(all P < 0.05).5.After adjustment for age and gender,the prevalence of dyslipidemia,renal insufficiency and hyperuricemia were increased with the income improving(all P < 0.05).6.The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes,dyslipidemia,atrial fibrillation,lack of exercise,renal insufficiency and hyperuricemia were higher but prevalence of hypertension,smoking,overweight or obesity were lower in city than that in countryside(all P < 0.05).7.There were higher proportion of high risk of stroke among men,urban residents,population with higher education levels,higher income levels and older population(all P < 0.05).8.The 10-year risk of coronary heart disease was higher in urban residents,the population with higher education levels,higher income levels,higher risk of stroke,heavy drinking and diabetes(all P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of cardio-cerebrovascular risk factors and proportion of high risk of stroke were higher in the middle aged and elderly community population,it is necessary to prevent and control the risk factors in urban residents,men,elderly and population with higher education levels,higher income levels especially.Framingham risk score and stroke risk rating can be complementary for the prediction of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and further achieve the maximum benefit for preventing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease.