Probiotics Remediate Injury And Microbial Imbalance Induced By Cr(?) And Oxaliplatin

Background: Gansu province is a region for heavy metal pollution control and stomach cancer with high incidence in China.These two points are widely concerned by people from all walks of life.Probiotic therapy acts as a method for bioremediation in vivo and has been attached much importance due to its many advantages.Hexavalent chromium has high toxicity,but there are no articles about its remediation by probiotics.Oxaliplatin are often used as anticancer drug for patients with gastric cancer.However,patients often shows some side effects during chemotherapy,which seriously reduce patients' quality of life.Up to date,there are less reports about intestinal toxicity of oxaliplatin and nobody has studied the changes of gut microbiota in patients with gastric cancer during chemotherapy.Aim: Chromium reducing ability of strain lactobacillus in vitro and protective effects of the strain on mice exposed by Cr(?)was evaluated.The mechanism of chromium remediation was explored.Intestinal toxicity of oxaliplatin and probiotic function was assessed,and accompany with clinical study.Methods: Kunming mice act as animal model and animal experiments were designed for the study on Cr(?)and oxaliplatin.Mice growth,biomarkers,histopathology and gut microbiota analysis were done in this study.At the same time,fecal samples from patients before and after chemotherapy were collected and analyzed by sequencing.Results: Lactobacillus plantarum TW1-1 has the highest chromium reducing ability.TW1-1 protected against chromium toxicity by increasing excreted chromium contents in feces,preventing alterations in oxidative stress and inflammation and ameliorating the histological changes.Moreover,probiotics remediated chromium not only through probiotic itself but also through the modulation of gut microbial community.Oxaliplatin caused loss of weight,hepatic injury and significant increase(p<0.05)of TNF-?,AST and ALT in hepatic tissues,but didn't induce any changes in the kidney.Furthermore,oxaliplatin decrease the diversity of intestinal flora of patients and mice.Probiotics could modulate the changes of inflammatory factors,histopathology and intestinal microbial community.Conclusions: This study demonstrated the utility of Lactobacillus plantarum TW1-1 to attenuate Cr(?)toxicity.TW1-1 could act as a regulator to modulate gut microbiota and remove Cr from host,which indeed protected host against Cr toxicity.Probiotics have some mitigative effects for intestinal toxicity induced by oxaliplatin.It suggests that gut remediation is a good method which could be applied to heavy metal remediation and clinical treatment.