The Study Of The Features Of Rest State FMRI Applied In Severe Bilateral Sensorineural Hearing Loss Adults

ObjectiveThe auditory cortex that locates in the superior temporal gyrus and transverse gyrus,is the senior center of hearing.The key function of the auditory cortex is to process auditory information.When a person's hearing is at work,other parts of his or her brain area are also involved as auditory activity.However,the auditory cortex will reorganize functionally and get involved in non-auditory information processing when deafness occurs,in which,the pre-lingual deafness and post-lingual deafness possess different reorganization patterns.This study applies the functional connectivity of rest state fMRI to observe the auditory related cortex reorganization pattern of adults with different types of severe sensorineural deafness and understand the features of auditory center rebuild of pre-lingual and post-lingual deafness,in order to support further intervention and treatment.MethodsThe selected cases of severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss adults were documented between March and November 2016 in hospital.The pre-lingual group consists of 10 adults while the post-lingual group 10 adults.20 cases of normal hearing are also included as control group.The subjects are examined by 3.0T superconducting MR.Rest state fMRI scanning and structural scanning are performed after regular serial T1WI?T2WI?T2-FLAIR scanning.After preprocessing the data,the functional connectivity of rest state fMRI is applied to analyze the brain function imaging of the three groups;run one sample t test with data collected;run independent sample t test for 2-group comparison;make Alphasim adjustment:P<0.01 and P<0.05(threshold values),K>18 and K>85(minimum effective activations).ResultsWhen BA41 areas on the left and right are defined as seed points,ROI in Normal hearing:bilateral superior temporal gyrus,insula,anterior cingulate cortex,supplementary motor area,etc.;ROI in pre-lingual deafness:bilateral superior temporal gyrus,insula,anterior cingulate cortex,postcentral gyrus,precentral gyrus,inferior occipital gyrus,etc.;ROI in post-lingual deafness:bilateral superior temporal gyrus,precentral gyrus,postcentral gyrus,etc..Increased ROI of pre-lingual deafness compared to normal hearing:bilateral postcentral gyrus,precentral gyrus,inferior occipital gyrus,etc.;Reduced ROI of pre-lingual deafness compared to normal hearing:the right insula,temporal pole,etc.;Increased ROI of post-lingual deafness compared to normal hearing:superior frontal gyrus,precentral gyrus,etc.;Reduced ROI of post-lingual deafness compared to normal hearing:the left middle temporal gyrus,left inferior tempotal gyrus,etc.;Increased ROI of pre-lingual deafness compared to post-lingual deafness:the right inferior frontal gyrus,insula,etc.;Reduced ROI of pre-lingual deafness compared to post-lingual deafness:left middle frontal gyrus,superior temporal gyrus,supramarginal gyrus,etc..ConclusionsBoth the functional connectivity of the normal hearing and the functional reorganization of the deafness can be observed by resting-state fMRI which is suitable in clinical research because of good spatial and temporal resolution,easy operation and noninvasive.Compared to normal hearing,for post-lingual deafness,the connection between auditory cortexes on both sides decreases;the connection among auditory cortex,somatosensory cortex,motor cortex and language related cortex increases.Compared to normal hearing,for pre-lingual deafness,the connection between auditory cortexes on both sides decreases.;the connection among auditory cortex,somatosensory cortex,motor cortex and visual cortex increases.Compared to post-lingual deafness,for pre-lingual deafness,the connection among auditory cortex somatosensory cortex and motor cortex increases more significantly.