Investigation Of Maternal Perception Of Child Vulnerability With Ventricular Septal Defect After Surgery And Influencing Factors

Background:The incidence of ventricular septal defect is high.With the continuous improvement of medical level,children with ventricular septal defect can live and work normally after surgery.But they may have different degrees of psychological Behavior problem.Although the child has been healthy,the mother still believe that their children are more susceptible to illness,the possibility of death is higher.The phenomenon is known as Marental Perceptions of Child Vulnerability(MPCV).Maternal perception of vulnerability is critical to the development of psychological behavior in children.At present,there are few studies on maternal perception of vulnerability in congenital heart disease at home and abroad.And there are differences in perceived vulnerability in different cultural backgrounds.China has not introduced the scale for measuring perceived vulnerability.It is necessary to introduce the scale in China,and then to carry out the investigation of the status of marental perception of vulnerability and the influencing factors in children with ventricular septal defect after surgery.Objective:To introduce the scale for measuring perceived vulnerability and test the reliability and validity.To describe the status of maternal perception of vulnerability in children with ventricular septal defect after surgery and to explore its influencing factors.Method:Part 1:The researcher followed the Brislin double translation-back translation model to translate Child Vulnerability Scale(CVS).Please the Experts Committee adjusted items of the scale.Please ten parents pretest it.The researcher selected 120 parents whose children were diagnosed VSD and had operation in FUWAI Hospital to calculate the reliability and validity.Part 2:The researcher selected 173 mothers whose children were diagnosed VSD and had operation in FUWAI Hospital and used the Chinese version CVS,General Information Questionnaire,Disease Information Questionnaire,Simple Coping Style Questionnaire,Comprehension Social Support Scale and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale to measure variables.Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors.Results:Part 1:The scale content validity index(S-CVI)was 0.90,and the item content validity index(I-CVI)ranged from 0.8 to 1.0.Using exploratory factor analysis extracted 2 common factors,which could explain 54.769%of the total variation.The factor loading was 0.622?0.801.The internal consistency coefficient of the CVS was 0.791.The test-retest reliability was 0.895.Part 2:The median score of the CVS was 5.0 points.The ratio of mothers whose perceived vulnerability score above 10 was 20.8%,whose level of perceived vulnerability was high.The three variables in anxiety,single child and age of mother went into regression equation while we took the multivariate stepwise regression analysis with the total score of perceived vulnerability as the dependent variable.The four variables in anxiety,family support,age of chileren,depression and right incision went into regression equation while we took the multivariate stepwise regression analysis with the dimensions score of perceived vulnerability as the dependent variable.Conclusions:Part 1:The CVS has been proved to be reliable and valid.It can be used as a valid tool for measuring perceived vulnerability among parents of children with congenital heart disease after surgery.Part 2:The level of maternal perception of vulnerability is low among children with ventricular septal defect after surgery.Anxiety,single child and age of mother are influencing factors of perceived vulnerability.