Application Of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy In Early Breast Cancer Surgery

With the incidence of breast cancer increasing year by year,breast cancer has become one of the major malignant tumors that threaten the health of women,which rated as the first killer in women malignancy.At present,the treatment of breast cancer is still focused on the surgical.In 1894,Halsted established the radical operation of breast cancer,which laid the foundation of the surgical treatment of breast cancer.During the next 100 years,with the evolution and development of the breast cancer surgery,many surgical methods have been formed.The pattern of breast cancer surgery has also undergone a transition from the maximum tolerable resection to the minimal effective therapy.As a systemic disease,breast cancer may have been formed micro-metastasis in the early stage,so the change of local treatment has little effect on the survival rate of patients.With the development of medical technology and people's deeper understanding of the biological behavior of breast cancer,the treatment of breast cancer is changing in the direction of precision,minimally invasive and individuation.Sentinel lymph node biopsy(SLNB)is an accurate staging of axillary biopsy,and comparing with axillary lymph node dissection(ALND)have a similar prediction of tumor metastasis.For patients with negative axillary lymph node,sentinel lymph node biopsy can safely and effectively replace axillary lymph node dissection,thereby significantly reducing the scope of surgery,surgical complications,and improving the life quality of post-operative patients.The rise of sentinel lymph node biopsy has led to a new exploration on the treatment of axillary lymph nodes in breast cancer.This article will review the research progress of sentinel lymph node biopsy in the early stage of breast cancer by reading and organizing domestic and foreign literatures.From May2014 to May 2016,the clinical data of 56 patients with early breast cancer(30 with axillary lymph node dissection and 26 cases with sentinel lymph node biopsy)were analyzed.The results showed that sentinel lymph node biopsy group had shorter operation time,less Intraoperative hemorrhage,and the incidence rate of upper limbswelling,numbness,activity limitation was lower than group axillary lymph node(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in postoperative breast cosmetic results,recurrence and metastasis(P>0.05).Therefore,we believe that sentinel lymph node biopsy,which shorten the operation range and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,is a new milestone in precision therapy of breast cancer,and worth of clinical application.