The Effect Of Intermittent Lasting On Gut Microoiota And Host Metabolism

Objective1.To investigate the effect of intermittent fasting on metabolism and gut microbiota in obese presenium rats fed with high-fat-sugar-diet2.To investigate the effect of different fasting modalities on adult gut microbiota.3.To investigate the effect of water-only fasting on metabolizes.Methods1.We fed the Wistar rats with high fat and high sugar diet to build adiposity models.Then we selected the rats based on the weight between x±S.They were randomized into the high fat diet group and fasting group.The fasting group suffered with fasting 72hours in every 2w and sustained 18w in total.Additionally,we did the OGTT test and collected the fasting blood samples and fecal samples.The blood samples were used for TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C test.The fecal DNA was extracted,and the 16S rRNA V4 tags were amplified and sequenced by Illumina.Gut microbial community structure was analyzed with BIPES,QIIME and LEfSe.2.Healthy volunteers were recruited for the 7 days fasting experiment.They were divided into water-only fasting group and juice fasting group.Their fecal samples were collected,from two weeks before fasting to 4 weeks after fasting.The fecal DNA was extracted,and the 16S rRNA V4 tags were amplified and sequenced by Illumina.Gut microbial community structure was analyzed with BIPES,QIIME and LEfSe.3.The blood samples were collected from the volunteers suffered water-only fasting.The samples were used to detect physiological and biochemical indexes and used for the metabolites detection by NMR.We used the MestReNova and Simca-P software for analysis.The metabolites were identified in the human metabolite database.Results1.After the intervention,the weight of fasting group is significantly lower than highfat diet group(P<0.01).The OGTT suggested the sugar tolerance of the fasting group was impaired.Compared with highfat diet group,the area of RUC of fasting group was significantly large(P<0.05).The intermittent fasting significantly reduced blood HDL-C and LDL-C concentrations(P<0.05),and restored the liver steatosis slightly.After the fasting,gut microbiota had a tendency to normal chow group.Fasting group was found to have more abundant YS2,RF32 and Helicobacteraceae but less abundant Lactobacillus,Roseburia,Erysipelotrichaceae and Ralstonia.Bradyrhizobiaceae was positively relatived with CHOL,HDL-C.And RF39 was positively related to the weight.2.The effect of water-only fasting was more intense than juice fasting.And the effect of water-only fasting can maintain long time after the host recovered eating,but it has individual differences.All in all,water-only fasting can change the intestinal flora into Prevotella,Bacteroides,Faecalibacterium and Succinivibrio.3.There was obvious difference in metabolites before and after water-only fasting.The metabolites were returned in 3days after the recovery of diet.In water-only fasting,the 3-hydroxybutyrate and acetoacetate were increased(P<0.05);the alanine,glutamate,histidine,trimethylamine oxide,beta glucose and glucose were significantly decreased(P<0.05).In the fasting,the triglyceride,fasting sugar and insulin were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the ketone body,,total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein,serum creatinine,blood uric acid and cortisol were increased(P<0.05).This meant that the body may promote the metabolism of fatty acids,muscles and nucleic acids to produce energy through hormone regulation.These specific metabolites were related with fatty acid synthesis,ornithine cycle,amino acid metabolism,alanine cycle,transcription and translation,ketone body metabolism,three tricarboxylic acid cycle,gluconeogenesis and glycolysis.Conclusion1.Intermittent fasting can decrease the weight and blood fat of obese presenium rats,and provoke the gut microbiota to nature,but cause derangement of glucose metabolism.2.The effect of no calories fasting was more intense than restriction calories fasting on gut microbiota.3.Water-only fasting can change the gut microbiota from Bacteroides type to Prevotella type,but have little effect on changing Prevotella type.4.In water-only fasting,human body may change the metabolic pathway to regulate the metabolites for energy consumption.5.After diet recovery for 3days,the metabolite would return to normal level while the gut microbe were still changing.The metabolism of healthy adults was more susceptible than the gut microflora to the changing of dietOverall,fasting has individual difference effects on intestinal microflora.And it still need further study for disease prevention and treatment.