The Role Of Regulatory B Cells In HIV-1 Infection

Objective:The aim of this study is to investigate the changes of regulatory B cells in peripheral blood of HIV-1/AIDS patients and to explore the roles of regulatory B cells in the pathogenesis and development of HIV-1/AIDS disease.Research methods:In this study,the HIV-1/AIDS patients in Yunnan Provincial Infectious Disease Specialist Hospital were selected as the research object;the medical and health person and the health examination populations were selected as the control group.121 patients without antiviral treatment of HIV-1/AIDS infections were divided into two groups: 82 infections without typical symptoms,39 AIDS patients,and 30 patients treated by HAART.The percentage of CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B cells,the counts of CD4+T lymphocytes cells,CD8+T lymphocytes cells and the ratio CD4 cells/CD8 cells in peripheral blood were detected by Flow Cytometry(FCM).Then the results were compared with those of the same period of 36 healthy controls.By studying the changes of T lymphocyte cell counts and Bregs(regulatory B cells)ratio in human peripheral blood of HIV-1/AIDS infections and healthy controls,the changes of T Lymphocyte cell counts and the proportion of Bregs in 30 patients with HIV-1/AIDS infection in different periods before and after HAART,and the relationship between longitudinal progression of the disease and the efficacy of antiviral therapy in 30 HIV-1/AIDS patients who received HAART treatment during long-term follow-up,statistical analysis of the correlation of variables in each group has been done in this paper.Results:The number of CD4 cells in the peripheral blood of 121 HIV-1/AIDS infections is significantly lower than that of the 36 healthy controls(P<0.001),and the number of CD4 cells in AIDS patients is significantly lower than that of HIV-1 infection(P <0.000).The number of CD8 cells in the peripheral blood of 121 HIV-1/AIDS infections is significantly lower than that of the 36 healthy controls(P<0.001),but the number of CD8 cells in AIDS patients has no significant difference with that of HIV-1 infections(P=0.709).The ratio of CD4 cells/CD8 cells in the peripheral blood of 121 HIV-1/AIDS infections is significantly lower than that of the 36 healthy controls(P<0.001),and the ratio of CD4 cells/CD8 cells in AIDS patients is significantly lower than that of HIV-1 infections(P<0.001).The ratio of CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B cells in the peripheral blood of 121 HIV-1/AIDS infections is significantly higher than that of the 36 healthy controls(P<0.001),and the ratio of CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B cells in AIDS patients is significantly higher than that of HIV-1 infections(P<0.001).Meanwhile,the proportions of CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B subsets in peripheral blood are negatively correlated with CD4+T cell counts(r=-0.732,r2=0.536,P<0.001),CD8+T cell counts(r=-0.253,r2=0.064,P=0.011)or CD4/CD8 ratio(r=-0.643,r2=0.414,P<0.001).The proportions of CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B subsets are negatively correlated with CD4 cell count in 30 patients before receiving HAART and after HAART treatment at 2 weeks,1 month,2 months,3 months and 6 months.Moreover,after HAART,CD4 has a significant rising trend,and the proportion of CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B has a significant downward trend.Conclusions:The proportion of CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B cells in the peripheral blood of HIV-1/AIDS patients is significantly higher than the control group.And it will be increasing with the progress of AIDS and decreasing after antiviral treatment.CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B cells may involve in the immune failure of AIDS,and promote the development of AIDS.Artificial reduction of the proportion of the CD1 d hiCD5+CD19+B cells may contribute to the inhibition of the development of HIV in HIV/AIDS-infected individuals.