A Study On Myopia Influencing Environmental And Genetic Factors Of Uighur And Han Primary And Secondary Students In Yining City

Objective:To study the status of myopia among primary and secondary students of Uighur and Han in Yining City,and to explore the related environmental factors and heredity of affecting myopia,to provide reference for improving myopia status of primary and secondary students.Methods:Using stratified cluster random sampling method,in accordance with the urban stratification,from 6 schools(urban and township,3)to the class as a unit,a random sample of 3000 Uighur and Han primary and secondary students;sampling class vision screening,31 students have excluded other eye diseases;questionnaire a survey of 2879 students enrolled in the study.The questionnaire includes the following categories: basic situation,visual acuity,eye habits,eating habits,family history(including first-degree relatives and two relatives of myopia,the cultural degree of parents).The pro-band a calculation by Falconer method,two relatives suffering from myopia heritability.Results:(1)Among the 2879 students(12.36±2.226),997(34.6%)were myopia.Among the different ethnic groups,different sexes,different learning stages,different occupations,different body mass index,and different regional types The difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).(2)The heritability showed that myopia first-degree relative heritability of myopia(0.2771±0.0484)below the level of relative heritability of myopia(0.3565±0.1032);the myopia of severe myopia students was higher than that of mild and moderate myopia;Uighur students heritability were lower than the Han students,girls are higher than boys,the degree of heritability was higher than that in primary school students.(3)Multivariate analysis shows that the Han nationality,girls,secondary school,city,reading and writing when the book is less than 30 cm distance,there are bad reading and writing habits,do not pay attention to eye exercises,sleep time is less than 8 hours a day,Almost do not eat foods containing vitamin A,parents and grandparents myopia the main risk factors of myopia in primary and middle school students.Conclusion: Uighur students myopia risk lower than the Han students,male myopia risk is lower than girls,with the learning stage myopia increased risk;the heritability of myopia students was higher than that of non myopic students,and the heritability of severe myopia was higher than that of mild and moderate myopia,and the heritability of the first degree relatives was less than second degree relatives.Han,girls,high learning stage,city,close reading,bad reading and writing habits,do not pay attention to eye exercises,lack of sleep,unreasonable diet,parents and grandfather Myopia myopia is the main risk factor for myopia;The prevalence of myopia among Uighur and Han students may be related to the genetic,living habits,eating habits and eye habits;the younger the genetic factors play the greater the effect,with the age environmental factors affect the role of increased.Therefore,the occurrence of myopia in primary and secondary school students from both genetic and environmental factors to prevent and control,thereby reducing the prevalence of primary and secondary students in myopia.