| Backgrounds With the rapid development of social economy and the improvement of living standard,the incidence of coronary heart disease,cerebrovascular disease,diabetes,kidney disease and hypertension has increased year by year,giving a serious impact on human psychological and physical health.Among these diseases,the incidence and mortality of coronary heart disease is the highest.The etiology of the coronary heart disease has been not totally clear.It has been widely acknowleged that gender,age,smoking,hypertension,diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance are the major risk facts for coronary heart disease.The secondary risk factors include obesity,excessive intake of salt and cholesterol,lack of physical activity and genetic factors.In recent years,with the gradual deepening of the study,the elevation of fibrinogen and some clotting factors in blood,increasement of the blood levels of homocysteine,virus infection and reinforce of insulin resistance are closely related to coronary heart disease.It has been generally believed that the formation of atherosclerotic plaques is the pathophysiological basis of coronary heart disease,with inflammation,oxidative stress and innate immunity playing a crucial role in its development process.A large number of epidemiological and experimental studies confirmed that some inflammatory factors such as serum high-sensitivity C reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-alpha)and adiponectin,?2-microglobulin(?2-MG),Cystatin C(Cys C)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)play an important role in atherosclerosis.When the level of blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and serum creatinine(Scr)is still normal,the level of ?2-MG and Cys C can be significantly increased in the process of mild to moderate renal damage.Mild renal dysfunction is a risk factor for the patients already suffering from coronary heart disease or having high-risks of coronary artery disease.Myocardium will be in the state of ischemia and hypoxia and oxidative stress will be enhanced if coronary artery stenosis happens.SOD,as the most important antioxidant enzyme in organism,is closely related to the progression and prognosis of coronary heart disease.There is no unified conclusion that the level of SOD if changes in the state of chronic myocardial ischemia.Objective By detecting the serum levels of ?2-microglobulin(?2-MG)?Cystatin C(Cys C)?Superoxide dismutase(SOD)in patients,to study the correlations between serum levels of ?2-MG?Cys C?SOD and coronary lesions in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods From January of 2016 to June of 2016,a total 0f 227 consecutive patients with chest pain or chest distress were suspicion of coronary heart disease and underwent Coronary antiography in the department of cardiovascular,First Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou university were enrolled in the study.According to the results of Coronary antiography,the patients were divided into two groups,119 cases in the CHD group and 108 cases in the non-CHD group.At the same time,the levels of coronary artery stenosis were evaluated using the Gensini score.What is more,CHD group was divided into 44 cases of single-vessel lesions,47 cases of double-vessel lesions and 28 cases of triple-vessel lesions.The levels of plasma triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),blood glucose,hemoglobin A1 c,?2-MG,SOD,urea and creatinine were measured using the ELISA method,and Cys C were detected by immune turbidimetric method.Results 1.The levels of ?2-MG and Cys C in CHD group were much higher than that in non-CHD group.But the levels of SOD in CHD group were much lower,with statistically significant differences.2.Binary-class logistic regression indicated that ?2-MG and Cys C may be some independent risk factors for CHD.3.Among different CHD subgroups,the levels of ?2-MG and Cys C were increasing according with the increasing numbers of coronary arteries which have the stenosis lesions,with statistically significant differences.But the differences of SOD levels were not statiscally significant.4.The higher levels ?2-MG and Cys C,the higher scores of coronary artery stenosis.However,the higher levels of SOD,the lower scores of coronary artery stenosis.Conclusions 1.The levels of ?2-MG and Cys C were positive correlated with the numbers of coronary arteries and scores of coronary artery stenosis.?2-MG and Cys C may be some independent risk factors for CHD.2.The levels of SOD were negative correlated with scores of coronary artery stenosis.3.Combined detection of ?2-MG ?Cys C and SOD have some significance in predicting the severities of vascular lesions and the risk stratifications in CHD patients. |
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