Investigation And Research Of The Medicinal Ferns “Guan Zhong” In The Qinling-daba Mountains

Guanzhong is recorded from Shennong’s Herbal.It has many effects such as heat-clearing and detoxification,hemostasis and deworming.Guanzhong is usually used for treatment of intestinal worms,intestinal parasite and gynecological bleeding.Modern pharmacological studies show that Guanzhong has anti-bacterial,anti-virus,anti-cancer,anti-tumor effects.However,the original plants of “Guanzhong” in the traditional Chinese medicine are several different species rather than one species.In this study,though field investigation and relevant literature consultation,a comprehensive and detailed study on the resource of “Guanzhong” in Qining-Daba Mountains was carried out.The species of resource,ecological environment,soil condition,climatic characteristic,elevation and other information of “Guanzhong” in 18 Counties in the central area of Qinling-Daba Mountains were investigated.At the same time,a survey in the herbal medicine market was conducted to understand the source,sales destination,commodity commonly used species for “Guanzhong”.In addition,the morphological characteristics of leaf epidermal cells of Cyrtomium in Qinling-Daba Mountains were observed,providing theoretical references for the classification,identification and utilization of the“Guanzhong” resources.The main results were as follows:1.According to the survey,the original plants of “Guanzhong” in Qinling-Daba Mountains accounts for 92.6% of those in China,belonging to 5 families,10 genera and 25 species,which include 17 species in 4 genera of Dryopteridaceae,3 species in 2 genera of Pteridaceae,3 species in 2 genera of Athyriaceae,1 specie of Osmundaceae and 1 specie of Blechnaceae.2.Based on the investigation and analysis of the ecological environment,soil condition,climatic characteristics and of the 18 Counties of Qinling-Daba Mountains,it is found that the resources are growing at 500-3400 m elevation.Slightly scattered sunshine in forest,the damp in valley,in the bushes,creek or rock crevices are usually favorable eco-environment for “Guanzhong”,which distribute in sparsely populated,original model of agricultural farming area.3.The results showed that the common species for “Guanzhong” include Cyrtomium fortune,Matteuccia struthiopteris,Osmuuda japonica,Woodwardia unigemmata,Deparia giraldii.The use of “Guanzhong” is localized in Qinling-Daba Mountains.During the prevention of SARS,the price rose to 55 Yuan / kg.After then,the price is stable at 5-13 Yuan/ kg.4.Surface structure of the leaf epidermis of 6 species,1 variety and 2 forms of Cyrtomium was investigated.Their stomata were distributed in the lower leaf epidermis and parallel to the veins.The upper and lower epidermal cells were irregular in shape.Their stomata were of polocytic type,anomocytic type,anisocytic type and diacytic type.Several taxonomically difficult species were analyzed and studied,and 6 species of Cyrtomium were recognized in Qinling-Daba Mountains finally.