| Objective To explore the influence of delivery mode on their body weight and intestinal microecology,providing the basis for follow-up studies regarding of intestinal microecology characteristics and the factors of affecting children growth.MethodsUsing random cluster sampling method,228 preschool children aged 4~5 years old were recruited from a kindergarten in Zhengzhou.Their delivery way and other general information were self-reported by parents.Choosing breastfeeding and partial breastfeeding children and according to their delivery mode,the children were divided into vaginal delivery and cesarean section groups.Their body weight were measured and evaluated through Anthro software(version 3.2.2).The fresh fecal samples were collected for quantification of short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)by using gas chromatography(GC)and fecal DNA was extracted by applying stool DNA kit.The content,purity and integrity of fecal DNA were carried out using spectrophotometer and agarose gel electrophoresis.Polymerase chain reaction-denatured gradient gel electrophoresis(PCR-DGGE)technique was used to analyze the crude pattern of intestinal flora and compaired in the children between different birth delivery modes and current body weight.Data were analyzed through Excel,Epi Data 3.1,Image Lab,and SPSS 21.0 software.Results 1.Total of 228 preschoolers were included in this study,216 subjects completed the questionnaires(response rate was 95.12%).The children between cesarean(136,62.96%)and vaginal(80,37.04%)delivery birth groups had no significant differences on age,birth weight,gender,nationality,original family living location,parent's educational level,occupation,and family income(P>0.05).the rate of exclusive breast feeding,bottle feeding,and mixed feeding were 56.9%,15.7%,and 27.3% respectively for the six months of age.2.The breast milk fed children showed no significant difference in current height [(110.82 ± 5.28)cm vs(110.70 ±4.76 cm,P>0.05],but significant differences in current body weight [(19.10 ± 2.93)kg vs(20.51±4.37)kg,P<0.05] and weight for height Z-scores(WHZ)[(0.06 ±1.40)vs(0.65 ±1.97),P<0.05] between vaginal delivery and cesarean section groups.The rates of overweight/obese children were 4.4% and 10.2% respectively in the vaginal delivery and cesarean section groups children.Cesarean delivery was significantly associated with the risk of overweight/obesity [OR=4.392,95%CI(1.217-15.853),P<0.05].3.The fecal contents of acetic acid,propionic acid,isobutyric acid,butyric acid and total SCFAs in per 100 grams of sample were(4.03±1.96)mmo L,(0.93±0.57)mmo L,(0.07±0.74)mmo L,(0.39±0.26)mmo L and(5.42±2.32)mmo L,respectively In the vaginal delivered children.The fecal contents of acetic acid,propionic acid,isobutyric acid,butyric acid and total SCFAs in per 100 grams of sample were(4.77±2.15)mmo L,(0.91±0.44)mmo L,(0.086±0.81)mmo L,(0.38±0.20)mmo L and(6.14±2.48)mmo L,respectively in Cesarean delivered children.The fecal content of acetic acid,but not other SCFAs was statistically significant different between the two delivery groups(P<0.05).4.The results of Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA)cluster analysis and load diagram analysis of PCR-DGGE fingerprinting showed that the intestinal flora were aggregated by delivery mode,but not by current body weight.no significant difference was found in different body weight samples.Shannon indices showed no significant difference between the subgroups(P>0.05).Conclusions 1.In this study,there was a significant difference in body weight of preschool children between different delivery groups.Higher risk of overweight/obesity is in cesarean section group.2.The content of fecal acetic acid is higher in cesarean section delivered children than in vaginal ones.The other fecal SCFAs are not significantly different between two delivery groups children.3.Fecal microflora pattern gathers in different delivery ways,but not current body weight.The diversity of intestinal flora is not significant between subgroups. |
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