The Study Of Self-management Status And Influencing Factors Of Changchun Villages Diabetics

Purpose Investigate the situation of self-management of rural diabetes patients in Changchun and Analyze the factors affected self-management of rural diabetes patients in Changchun in order to provide targeted care and health education for them, to provide reference for the establishment of effective self-management mode of rural diabetes patients in Jilin province.Method By convenience sampling, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 210 cases rural diabetes patients in Changchun coming to the Department of endocrinology of a three grade hospital in Changchun.The survey included general information questionnaire,diabete-related knowledge questionnaire, diabetes self-management questionnaire, the basics of diabetes scale, diabetes attitude scale, diabetes self-efficacy and social support questionnaire. Statistics was analyzeed by SPSS 21.0. Continuous variables were described by mean ± standard; categorical variables were described by proportions; ?2 test was used for analyzing diabetes self-management-related factors; Diabetes patient self-management and inter-related factors were analyzed by Pearson; P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Result 1. The scores of 6 aspects of questionnaire of self-management rural diabetes patients in Changchun were as follows : diet self-management with(2.74 ? 2.48)points,physical exercise self-management with (2.49 ± 2.85) points,blood glucose monitoring with( 3.58 ± 2.98 )points,foot-care self-management with (1.77 ± 2.68 ) points, follow doctors prescriptions with (4.41 ± 1.72 ) points. The survey confirmed that 27.3% of the patients who participated in the self-management of smoking were still smoking, (17.23 ?9.63) cigarettes on average per person per day. 2. The average score of the basics of diabetes scale was: (62 ± 16.11). Among 8 aspects of the basics of diabetes scale,the rate of correct responding to how to reduce the risk of diabetes complications was the highest (76.51%), the rate of correct responding to how to cope with diabetes was the lowest (41.63%), and it correlated to diet self-management (r=0.149).3. The average score of diabetes attitude scale was: (124.26 ± 9.96) ,Among 5 aspects of diabetes attitude scale,The highest support rate was the necessity of diabetes medical personnel professional training (86.4%), followed by the psychological impact of diabetes (78.63%). there was no correlation with every aspect of diabetes self-management.4. The social support rating scale was divided into three dimensions:subjective support, objective support, support utilization. Among the three dimensions,subjective support got the highest score, and correlated to diet and blood glucose monitoring self-management.5. The average score of diabetes self-efficacy was ( 6.36 ± 3.14) , and correlated to every dimensions of diabetes self-management.Conclusion 1.The self-management level of rural diabetes patients in Changchun was lower than other domestic research, it needed to be urgently improved. Diabetes patients always did best when it comes to follow the doctor's advice to take medicines during self-management process, but they did worst in terms of foot care.2. The relationship between each dimension of self-management and influence factors was as follows: ?the higher a rural patient's self-efficacy level, the more diabete-related knowledge he grasped, the more social support sources he owned, the greater his self-management ability. The older a rural patient was, the worse his self-management ability to stick to a strict diet. ?The higher a patient's self-efficacy level, the stronger his exercise self-management ability ; diabetes patients living in countryside did better than that living in city on exercise self-management; Besides,men had better exercise self-management ability than women.?The higher a patient's self-efficacy level,the more diabete-related knowledge he got, the more social support sources he owned,the better self-management blood glucose monitoring he did.?Self efficacy and diabetes-related knowledge level had a positive effect on foot-care self-management.?The higher a patient's self-efficacy level, the better he did on following doctors' prescription.?The smoking rate of male patients was significantly higher than that of female patients. The older the age, the higher the smoking rate, the age ofsmoking patients ranged from50.11 -8.59 to 50.11+8.59.3.diabete-related knowledge, self efficacy and social support were the main influencing factors of self-management of rural diabetes patients. The results of this study showed that "attitude of diabetes" had no effect on the self-management of diabetes patients.