| ObjectiveTo analysis the distribution of high-risk population of stroke and its risk factors in rural areas of Shashi District of Jingzhou City.To investigate the status of health self-management and its influencing factors and to explore the correlation between health belief and health self-management capability of high-risk population of stroke,in order to provide scientific basis for improving the status quo of health self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural areas.MethodsThe cluster sampling method was used to select the permanent residents aged?40 years old who participated in the screening and intervention programs for high-risk population of stroke in 5 towns in Shashi District of Jingzhou City from January 2019 to June 2019.The stroke risk screening process and methods refer to the "Administrative Measures for Screening and Intervention Pilot Projects for Stroke at High-risk(Trial)".Convenience sampling was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on 300 high-risk population of stroke in rural areas who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study.The survey tools included the general condition questionnaire,the stroke health belief scale,and the rating scale of health self-management skill for adults.Excel and SPSS 21.0 software were used for data collation and statistical analysis,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between health belief and health self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke;Single-factor analysis of variance and multiple linear regression analysis were used to find the influencing factors of healthy self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural areas.Results1.Screening results ?General situation A total of 1060 people participated in the screening program in this study,there were 515 males(48.58%)and 545 females(51.42%).The age range was 40 to 95 years,with an average age of(59.48±10.23)years,there were 197(18.58%)cases aged 40 to 49 years,320(30.19%)cases aged 50 to 59 years,324(30.57)cases aged 60 to 69 years,and 219(20.66%)cases aged 70 years or older.?Distribution of population at risk of stroke Among the 1060 subjects who participated in the screening,539(50.85%)cases with low-risk of stroke,210(19.81%)cases with medium-risk and 311 cases of high-risk groups were detected,including 150 males and 161 females,with a detection rate of 29.34%.The detection rates of high-risk groups of stroke in different age groups were respectively 24 cases(12.18%)in those aged 40-49,80 cases(25.00%)in those aged 50-59,109 cases(33.64%)in those aged 60-69,and 98 cases(44.75%)in those aged?70.?Distribution of risk factors in high-risk population of stroke Among 311 cases high-risk groups of stroke,115 cases(37.0%)had 3 risk factors,50 cases(16.1%)had 4 risk factors,13 cases(4.2%)had 5 risk factors,and 3 cases(1.0%)had?6 risk factors.The risk factors exposure rate of the high-risk population of stroke from high to low were:dyslipidemia(68.49%),hypertension(66.24%),lack of physical exercise(41.80%),diabetes(35.37%),smoking(21.22%),significantly overweight or obese(15.76%),family history of stroke(7.72%),atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease(5.79%).Among the risk factors of stroke,smoking,diabetes,and lack of physical exercise were statistically different between different genders(P<0.05);Hypertension,atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease,smoking,dyslipidemia,diabetes,and lack of physical exercise showed statistically significant differences among the high-risk groups of stroke in different age groups(P<0.05).2.Investigation results of health self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural areas A questionnaire survey was conducted among 300 cases high-risk population of stroke in rural areas who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria,and 296 effective questionnaires were collected with an effective recovery rate of 98.67%.The total score of health belief of the high-risk population of stroke in rural areas was(114.61±10.33),and the average score of each item was(3.27±0.30),which was in the middle level.The average scores of each dimension from high to low were:perceived benefits(3.79±0.42),health motivation(3.65 ± 0.51),perceived severity(3.48±0.62),self-efficacy(3.16± 0.50),perceived susceptibility(2.79±0.82),perceived obstacles(2.50±0.35).The total score of the health self-management ability of the high-risk population of stroke in rural areas was(118.88±18.73),and the average score of each item was(3.13±0.49),which was in the middle level.The average scores of each dimension from high to low were:healthy self-management environment(3.25± 0.50),healthy self-management cognition(3.10±0.54),and healthy self-management behavior(3.07±0.61).3.Single factor analysis of the health self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural area The total score of health self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural areas was statistically significant in terms of occupation,education,living condition,payment of medical expense,monthly household income,and economic source(P<0.05).4.Correlation analysis of health belief and health self-management ability in high-risk population of stroke in rural areas There was a positive correlation between the health belief and health self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural areas(r=0.340,P<0.01).The correlation coefficient of each dimension of health self-management and each dimension of health belief ranges from-0.377 to 0.562,among which the correlation coefficients of health motivation,self-efficacy and each dimension of health self-management ability were relatively high,and the correlation coefficients range from 0.458-0.562 and 0.323-0.445,respectively.5.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,occupation,health motivation and perceived barrier were the influencing factors of the healthy self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural areas.Conclusion1.The exposure level of risk factors in high-risk population of stroke in rural areas of Shashi district of Jingzhou city was high,and the main risk factors of high-risk stroke population of different genders and age groups were different.2.The health self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural areas of Shashi district of Jingzhou city was at a medium level,which needs to be further improved.3.There was a correlation between health belief and health self-management ability in high-risk population of stroke.4.The results of regression analysis showed that education level,occupation,health motivation and perceived barrier were the influencing factors of the health self-management ability of high-risk population of stroke in rural areas of Shashi district,Jingzhou city. |
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