Investigation On The Status Of Fall Prevention Knowledge, Attitude And Behaviors On Nursing Home Residents

Objective: 1.To test the reliability and validity of fall prevention knowledge, attitude, practice questionnaire for elderly people in nursing homes. 2.To investigate the knowledge,attitude and behaviors of fall prevention in nursing home residents,analyze the influential factors and provide information for the intervention study. Methods:This research included 2 parts.The first part:To test the reliability and validity of fall prevention knowledge, attitude, practice questionnaire for elderly people in nursing homes.The original item pool was formulated through literature review and 2 rounds of Delphi procedure, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire was tested on a sample of 254 elderly people in nursing homes.The second part:To investigate the knowledge and behaviors of fall prevention in nursing home residents,analyze the influential factors and provide information for the intervention study. Totally 182 nursing home residents completed a self-designed questionnaire to investigate their fall prevention knowledge and behaviors.The quantitative data analysis was done by the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 18.0(SPSS). Results: 1.The knowledge degree consisted of 11 items;the exploratoty factor analysis identified 2 principal factors and explained for 53.669% variance.The attitude degree consisted of 7 items;the exploratoty factor analysis identified 1 principal factor and explained for 61.303% variance.The practice degree consisted of 15 items;the exploratoty factor analysis identified 3 principal factors and explained for 54.191% variance.The item content validity index ranged from 0.85~1.00,the scale content validity index was 0.97.In the knowledge degree,the Cronbach's ? of 2 factors were 0.827,0.745,and test-retest reliability were 0.734,0.620. In the attitude degree,the Cronbach's ? of the factor was 0.888 and test-retest reliability were 0.663.In the practice degree,the Cronbach's ? of 3 factors were 0.785, 0.860, 0.548 and test-retest reliability were 0.540, 0.687, 0.703. 2.The fall prevention knowledge score was(18.32±4.07);the fall prevention attitude score was(28.62±3.83).the fall prevention behaviors score was(24.05±7.03).Multiple regression analysis showed that the status of knowledge was influenced by income.The status of attitude were influenced by education, occupation.The status of behaviors were influenced by income, education. Conclusion: 1.The fall prevention knowledge, attitude, practice questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used among elderly people in nursing homes. 2.The aged in retirement institution have limited awareness of knowledge on fall prevention; although they showed positive attitute to fall prevention, but with nagetive interest on it; Therefore, this situation should be improved, especially on acquiring knowledge about the disease and medicine refer to falling.Pension agency managers should apply the theory of knowledge, attitude and practice to nursing home residents according to their own characteristics so as to enhance the knowledge and promote the self-care behaviors.