A Study On The Distribution And Obstacle Factors On The Supply Of Emergency Drugs For National Security In China

Objective: To evaluate the supply path and level and obstacles of emergency drugs and explore the effective policy machanism of emergency drugs supply in China.Method: First of all, using literature reviews to establish the list of emergency drugs in China. Secondly, the selection of drug reserve, factors on the obstacle and incentive mechanism of current supply of emergency drugs are obtained through the semi-structured questionnaire survey of key informant experts. Finally, based on the statistical analysis method, the reliability and validity of data were tested and the correlation degree of obstacle factors on supply of emergency drugs were analysed by Structural Equation Model.Result: 229 kinds of 20 categories of emergency drugs are included with 93.34%% of marketing authorization in China. Among these emergency drugs, 187 drugs are manufactured in China, 22 are provided by both domestic or imported supply, while 5 drugs depend on import wholely. Anti-infection drugs and drugs for external use are most species. Vaccines are provided by provincial Center of Disease Control, which supply way is relatively single. In 2014, 19 provinces in China have bidden for 180 kinds of emergency drugs(78.60%). None of vaccines are adopted by the centralized bidding system of public hospitals. 72 kinds of emergency drugs(31.44%) are in the context of essential drugs versus 175 kinds(76.42%) covered by the basic medical insurance plans of urban employee and resident. The annual production amount of emergency drugs is about 109.385 billions branches or pieces in 2014 that means 79.97 branches or pieces per capita, the average annual production of each emergency drug per capita is 0.5137 branches or pieces. Aversge medical expense of each emergency drug per capita is 0.7809 yuan. Based on the result of key informant survey, we can find that the main supply ways of emergency drugs are the reserves of inventory and production capacity by central and local government. Under the emergency conditions, the primary responsibility of pharmaceutical enterprises is to deliver drugs to the designated areas on time and update inventory of drugs regularly. According to the result of structure equation model, we can find that the production capacity, R&D degree, supply and rescue measures have a significant correlation with the supply ability of emergency drugs for enterprises, and the interaction of four factors on barriers of supply is positive(P<0.05).Conclusion: Most of emergency drugs have marketed in China and are added to the list of purchase by the centralized bidding system of public hospitals. It shows that there is a high availability of emergency drugs for national security in China. The availability for the second category vaccines are relatively low. Compared with rural residents, the urban employees or residents covered by the basic medical insurance have a higher accessibility and affordability of emergency drugs. The promotion of the production ability, research and development of emergency medicine, supplies and rescue capabilities can effectively improve the supply ability of emergency drugs in China.