Effects Of Polysaccharide From The Extract Of Raw Materials For Jianwei Xiaoshi Pills On Gastrointestinal Function

Jianwei Xiaoshi Pills is composed of five traditional Chinese medicine, which are tangerine peel, Radix pseudostellariae, fried malt, hawthorn and yam. These five raw materials could improve digestion, and all of them are medicine and food resources except Radix pseudostellariae. Jianwei Xiaoshi Pills recorded by Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2010) is commonly used drugs for treating dyspepsia because of the function on digestion improving. It also can be used for treatment of weakness symptoms of spleen and stomach. Polysaccharide is one of four primary substances in life activities, and plays an important role. Polysaccharide resources are extensive. It has evident pharmacological activities and a little side effects. Therefore, it becomes one of research hotspots. The extractum was obtained from water extracts from raw materials for Jianwei Xiaoshi Pills preparation, and dried by spray drying. Polysaccharide was one of mainly compounds in the extractum, while little information of the polysaccharide studies on its structure and biaoctivities could be searched. Polysaccharide was prepared from the Jianwei Xiaoshi Pills extractum and separated by ethonal precipitation, which was named as JXP. It was then taken for physicochemical and basic structural characterization, and its effects on gastrointestinal function. At the same time, four polysaccharide fractions were extracted and separated from tangerine peel, Radix pseudostellariae, fried malt, hawthorn and yam, successively. The four kinds of polysaccharide were subjected to explore the physicochemical properties, structural features and gastric emptying activity, to explore how the polysaccharie plays a role in improving gastrointestinal tract function material foundation. Th main research contents are as follows:1. Physicochemical properties and structural features of JXP were analyzed. The chemical compositions, purity and relative molecular weight and monosaccharide compositions of JXP were determined by colorimetric method, high performance gel permeation chromatography(HPGPC) and ion exchange chromatography, successively. JXP was also characterized by infrared spectrum and scanning electron microscope(SEM). Results showed that JXP contained 46.6% of neutral polysaccharides and 1.3% of protein. HPGPC analysis showed that JXP was homogeneous, and its relative molecular weight was 381416. Glucose and galacturonic acid were the major monosaccharides in JXP with a molar ratio of 1.2:1. It also contianed a small amount of arabinose, galactose, mannose and xylose. Carboxyl group and configuration of acidic pyranose were confirmed by IR in JXP. SEM images showed that the basic structure of polysaccharide was flake, while there were a few random curly structure which was sticked together.2. Gastric emptying activity of JXP was investigated. Residual rate of methyl orange in mice gastric was determined by absorption spectrophotometry determination. Influence of the polysaccharide on the organ index and the quality of mice were analyzed. There was not any significant difference among the mice fed with JXP, domperidone or extract of raw materials for Jianwei Xiaoshi Pills preparation.3. Effects of JXP on the intestinal function were investigated. The short-chain fatty acid production in the colorectum was suppressed in the group fed with the Jianwei Xiaoshi Pills extractum and JXP after 14 days. It was more obvious in caecum than colon and feces. Acetic acid content was the highest in the determined short-chain fatty acid. The other dominent individuals were propionic acid and n-butyric acid, respectively. Other short-chain fatty acid was much less. The influence of JXP and the extractum on intestinal pH value was similar to that of SCFA. Both the JXP and extractum could promote water content in feces.4. Physicochemical properties, structural features and gastric emptying activity of polysaccharides were analyzed, which were from tangerine peel, Radix pseudostellariae, fried malt, hawthorn and yam. The chemical compositions, purity and relative molecular weight and monosaccharide compositions of polysaccharides were determined by colorimetric method, HPGPC and ion exchange chromatography, successively. The four polysasccharide fractions were also characterized by infrared spectrum and SEM. Source of JXP was analyzed. The results showed that the polysaccharides from hawthorn and tangerine are mainly composed of arabinose and galacturonic acid. Polysaccharides from Radix pseudostellariae and fried malt consisted of glucose. It indicated uronic acid in JXP was originated from the polysaccharides of hawthorn and tangerine peel. Neutral polysaccharide was from the polysaccharides of Radix pseudostellariae and fried malt. HPGPC analysis showed that molecular weight of JXP was covered by the four polysaccharide fractions. SEM images revealed the morphology of JXP and the polysaccharides from the four materials was similar. The effects of the four polysaccharide fractions and their combination according to the materials' ratio for Jianwei Xiaoshi Pills preparation were explored. Both the four polysaccharide fractions and their combination can significantly improve the rate of gastric emptying.