Perinatal Environmental Factors For Food Allergy Infants In Different Genetic Backgrouds

Objective:In this study,we sought to explore the predisposing perinatal environmental factors of food sensitization and allergy in different genetic backgrounds.Methods:(1)2030 copies of questionnare data from the epidemiological investigation of food allergy conducted by our research group’s from January 2009 to February 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. (2) logistic regression was used to analyze the perinatal environmental risk factors of food sensitization and allergy in different allergic family history infants.Results:The incidence of food sensitization and allergy in positive allergic family history infants was significantly higher than that of negative family history infants(sensitization:27.1% vs 15.3%, x2=34.472, P=0.000; allergy:19.5% vs 9.7%, x2=35.752, P=0.000).62.5% of food sensitization infants and 59.5% of food allergy infants were without allergic family history.Stratification by allergic family history, logistic regression analysis showed, high protein intake during pregnancy can lead to food sensitization, OR1.618(95%CI 1.085-2.414, P=0.018),no environmental risk factors were found for food allergy in infants with allergic family history.For infants without allergic family history, high birth weight, the earliest food intake in the first 3 days, high protein intake during pregnancy may increase the risk of occurrence of food sensitization, respectively, OR were 1.674(95%CI 1.115～2.51,P=0.013),1.396 (95%CI 1.040-1.875,P=0.026), 1.996(95%CI 1.495～2.664, P=0.000); high birth weight, high protein intake during pregnancy were the risk factors of food allergy, OR were 1.794(95%CI1.104～2.916, P=0.018),1.797 (95%CI 1.269-2.546,P=0.001).Conclusions:(1)Compared with the infants from negative allergic family history, the infants from positive family history were more susceptible to suffer from food sensitization and allergy (19.5% vs 9.7%, P=0.000; 27.1% vs 15.3%, P=0.000). (2)62.5% of food sensitization infants and 59.5% of food allergy infants were without allergic family history.(3)For infants with allergic family history,high protein intake during pregnancy can lead to food sensitization, no environmental risk factors were found for food allergy.(4)For infants without allergic family history, food other than breast food intake in first 3days seems to induce sensitization, inappropriate high protein intake during pregnancy was the risk factor of food sensitization and allergy, compared with low birth weight infants, macrosomia were more prone to food sensitization and allergy.(5) The perinatal environmental factors influencing food sensitization or allergy between different genetic backgrounds were differences, therefore, different preventive strategies should be considered in clinic.