| It is well known that the air situation will put a threat to human health to a certain degree when a composition of air exceeds the threshold that human can bear. Air pollution, especially particulate matter(PM) contamination, poses severe risks to the pulmonary function and respiratory system function of human being. In order to offer the data supports with respect to the research on air pollution, the nation has enacted a series of technical specifications and regulations, monitored and published the concentrations of many typical air pollutants especially PM2.5 and PM10, which makes people know better and timely about the pollution situation and research mechanism.This research was developed on support the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41371395), Shandong Province Land and Resources Remote Sensing Spectral Library Construction Project,Geological Environmental Monitoring Station Project in Shandong Province(Lu Kan Word 【2011】14).The research mainly focused on the relationship between the mass concentrations of inhalable particles---PM10 and PM2.5 and respiratory diseases---asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) in the downtown of Jinan area. The primary research procedures and results are as followed:(1) Retrieval of AOD dry extinction coefficients: In order to facilitate the process and make the result more accurate, lookup table was rebuild, procedure parameters were modified and applet was signed to fit for the actual situation of research place and retrieval using MODIS data.The humidity and height of AOD were also corrected to obtain the dry extinction coefficient, which achieve the goal of dry extinction coefficient retrieval based on MODIS images.(2) Retrieval of mass concentration distributions of PMs: With the premise that the time of data acquision was in accord with that of imaging, models between AOD dry extinction coefficients and mass contents of PM10(or PM2.5) in different seasons were established to realize the inversion process that from MODIS data to AOD to dry extinction and finally to the planar mass contents of PM. According to those calibrations using the data from 2001 to 2008, spatial distribution and change rules of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were acquired, which made up the blank records in early decades about PM mass contents.(3) Research on spatial distribution relationship: The home address(or stable work address) data in 2009 of asthma and COPD patients were converted into geographical coordinates in digital version and the corresponding point file was created. The sites of patients were overlaid with concentration distributions of PM2.5 and PM10 to intuitively analyze their spatial associations. Prevalence rate was developed through the analysis between different PM abundances and the corresponding patients amounts. The results showed that: In general, higher the contents were, more intensive the patients distributed. The amount of patients raised with the concentration of PMs in one square km2.(4) Research on time development associations: Based on the results as above, study was conducted from the aspects of long time-exposure level and short term-correlation. <1> the PM concentrations at every site of patients were considered samples, mean and standard deviation(SD) of samples were calculated and the long time-exposure level was represented by “mean ± SD”. Hence, the PM10 exposure levels of asthma workgroup, asthma family group, COPD workgroup and COPD family group were 166.165 9.301μg/m3、167.276 9.892μg/m3、165.454 10.259μg/m3、164.008 9.205μg/m3 and 76.768 5.109μg/m3、76.247 5.69μg/m3、177.339 5.469μg/m3、75.685 5.019μg/m3 with respect to PM2.5. <2> The linear relationship between the average monthly contents of PM(independent variable) and the monthly amount of patients(dependent variable) was studied through Pearson correlation analysis. The results were as following: Pearson-values were above 0.5, Model-R2 were between 0.3 and 0.6. It showed that a good relationship was exited between this two factors. |
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