Effects Of Sustained Release Fertilizer On Schisandra Chinensis In Shangluo Area Of Shaanxi Province

Shangluo,located in the hinterland of Qinling Mountains,is one of the best areas Chinese medicinal herbs in Northwest China.The produce and development of local medicinal herbs have been contrained by poor soil nutrients in Shangluo area and geographic location.To improve soil nutrient based on scientific rules effectively helps improve the quality and yield of Chinese medicinal materials,save resources,and reduce environmental pollution in Qinling Mountains.In this paper,in order to provide scientific basis for the precision fertilization in the production of Schisandra chinensis base in Shangluo,Schisandra Chinensis being the subject studied,the methods of pot experiment and relevant data analysis,based on different fertilization formulas,were applied to study the growth indexes,soil pH values and the content of effective components.The study was based on laboratory trials and pot experiments.Six treatments were set up including 5 fertilization treatments and CK control.CK;treatment 1?NPK?:urea+double superphosphate+potassium sulfate;treatment 2?NPK+HQ?:urea+double superphosphate+potassium sulfate+hydroquinone;treatment 3?NPK+DCD?:urea+double superphosphate+potassium sulfate+dicyandiamide;treatment 4?SCU+PK?:Sulphur coated urea+double superphosphate+potassium sulfate;treatment 5?NPK+HQ+DCD?:urea+double superphosphate+Potassium sulfate+hydroquinone+dicyandiamide.The major results are as follows:1.Fertilization enhanced the photosynthesis of Schisandra chinensis significantly,and the treatment 4 shows the most:compared with CK,the SPAD value of treatment 4 was 30%higher and the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and transpiration rate increase by19%,17%,24%respectively while intercellular CO₂ concentration was 3.9%lower.2.Fertilization promoted the growth of Schisandra chinensis height,and treatment 4showed the most:compared with CK,plant height increased by 122%with treatment 4 while by 40%with treatment 1,increased by 88%with treatment 5,and by 18%with treatment 1;The results of treatment 1,2,3 were close to each other,which was about 55%higher than that of CK.3.Experiments showed that fertilization increased the yield of Schisandra chinensis.And the treatment 4 showed the best:treatment 4 showed 82%higher compared with CK and 36%higher than treatment 1;treatment 5 came the second,which was 65%higher than CK treatment,23%higher than treatment 1.4.With the addition of dicyandiamide or dicyandiamide+hydroquinon in the soil,the soil pH values stayed stable,with a variation of 0.1-0.2;the pH values of treatment 1 and 2 were relatively close with a variation of 0.1-0.4;sulphur coated urea contributed to a lower value of soil pH.5.Reasonable fertilization increased the contents of active ingredient significantly.Compared with CK,the contents of Schisandrin,deoxyschizandrin,and schisandrin b increased 50%-79%,67%-136%,80%-124%respectively.Those of schisandrin and deoxyschizandrin with treatment 3 were highest and that of the Schisandrin b with treatment 4was much higher.Results showed significant effects of dicyandiamide on the accumulation of active ingredient of Schisandra chinensis and hydroquinon was not conducive to the accumulation of effective components of Schisandra Chinensis.