Expermental Study On High-efficient Water-saving Ieeigation System For Greenhouse Tomato With Wide Ridge And Coated Furrow Ieeigation

Facility agriculture requires large amounts of water.Irrigation is the only source of water in the cultivation of facility crops.It is particularly important to use irrigation methods to chieve efficient water use.Wide-ridge covered film furrow irrigation technology proposed in this paper,cmbining furrow irrigation with ridge cultivation techniques.Between February 2016 and August 2017,at the Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Exhibition Center in Xi'an,the greenhouse tomato was used as the research object,and a wide ridge covered furrow irrigation mode was adopted.To study the effects of soil moisture changes under this model,the effects of varying degrees of deficit adjustment on tomato growth characteristics,physiological changes,water consumption patterns,and quality,and the indicators of water loss deficit at different growth stages in the whole growth process.The main research results obtained are as follows:?1?Under wide ridge film-covered furrow irrigation mode,irrigation water infiltrates into the ridge obviously,and the wetness range is stronger along the horizontal direction.During the observation period,the water content of the soil increased with time,the water moved from the furrow to the ridge back,and the moisture gradually redistributed after the irrigation.The soil moisture content at the cross-sections of the ditch,ridge slope,and sloping slope sections gradually decreased from a saturated state.The soil moisture content of the ridge back and ridge midsection reached its maximum at 48 h after irrigation.The proportion of irrigation water stored in the soil below the ridge back is obvious.?2?Under wide-ridge mulch furrow irrigation mode,the growth of tomato plant height,stem diameter,and leaf area index at different degrees of water deficit adjustment have a tendency to decrease with increasing water deficit.Moderate water deficit treatment during seedling stage can promote root development,increase root dry weight,increase root-shoot ratio.The effects of deficit treatment on the photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and stomatal conductance of tomato were similar and all decreased with the increase of soil water deficit.In the seedling stage and flowering and setting fruit stage,the "single-peak" curve increased first and then decreased.The difference was that the stomatal conductance showed a "double-peak" curve during the fruiting period,and the photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate were still "single-peak" curve.Physiological changes in tomatoes during the fruiting period varied greatly during the day.?3?Except for severe deficits in the outcome period,the regularity of water consumption,water consumption intensity,and water consumption modulus of tomatoes under different deficit treatments were consistent.It showed that fruiting period>flowering fruit setting period>seedling stage.Moderate water deficit during seedling stage can reduce water consumption while yield,water use efficiency,and irrigation water use efficiency reach maximum;The tomato production and the total water consumption,as well as the yield and the total irrigation,showed a good quadratic parabolic relationship.The water sensitive seedling stage ?₁=0.0876,flowering fruit setting period ?₂=0.2452 and flowering fruit setting period ?₃=0.3539 at each growth stage were determined by the Jensen model.The moderate deficit was adjusted during the seedling stage,and sufficient water was ensured during the seedling stage,which was beneficial to increase yield.Water use efficiency.The maximum water use efficiency of tomato in this paper reached 38.9 kg/m³,and the water use efficiency increased compared with the previous experimental study of conventional furrow irrigation.This shows that the wide ridge covered furrow irrigation has advantages compared with the conventional furrow irrigation.?4?Except for seedling stage,the content of soluble solids and vitamin c in tomato increased with the increase of soil water deficit,and the most obvious result of seasoning deficit adjustment.The contents of soluble sugar and titratable acid all showed a tendency of increasing with the degree of soil water deficit adjustment,and the moderate water deficit treatment in each growth stage was beneficial to the increase of tomato sugar acid ratio.?5?Comprehensive evaluation of tomato quality,yield,WUE,and IWUE indicators was performed.The principal component analysis was used for comprehensive quality analysis and weighted grey correlation method was used for quality analysis.The final comprehensive evaluation of tomato was evaluated as seedling stage.60%moisture to adjust the lower limit of treatment,flowering fruit set 70%moisture deficit lower limit treatment,the result of 70%moisture deficit lower limit treatment.The seedling stage was treated with irrigation for 2 times,irrigation 70.02mm,irrigation and irrigation for 3 times with 108.19mm irrigation,and the results were irrigated 4 times with irrigation of 154.53mm.