Effect Of Interaction Between Irrigation And Sulfur On Yield And Water Use Efficiency Of Summer Maize

In order to reveal the effects of interaction between irrigation and sulfur on the yield and water use efficiency of summer maize,during the growth of summer maize in 2017,experiments were conducted at the Yinmaquan Experimental Stations and the State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize in the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science to investigate the growth characteristics,grain yield and water use efficiency of summer maize.In this study,Zhengdan 958 was used as research object,and were set two sulphur supply levels,S0(no sulphur application),S1(sulphur application,60 kg/ha)and four irrigation levels,W0(no irrigation at flowering stage),W1(irrigate at flowering stage,total irrigation volume is 90 mm),W2(irrigate at flowering stage,15 days after flowering,total irrigation volume is 180 mm),W3(irrigate at flowering stage,15 days after flowering,30 days after flowering,total irrigation volume is 270 mm)(every irrigation volume is 90 mm).There are eight treatments.This test carried out in the moisture pool within the rain shelter,can provide a theoretical basis for water-saving cultivation of summer maize.The main conclusions were as follows: 1.Effects of interaction between irrigation and sulfur on growth dynamics and photosynthetic characteristics of summer maizeWith the development of summer maize after the flowering,the leaf area index of each treatment showed a downward trend,and W0 treatment was the most significant.With the increase of irrigation times,the decreasing trend of leaf area index slowed down.From 30 days after flowering to 45 days after flowering,the leaf area index of W3 treatment showed a steady trend with almost no decrease.It illustrated that the increase of irrigation times significantly affects the leaf area index.Interaction between irrigation and sulfur can increase the dry matter accumulation.Both irrigation and sulfur application can increase dry matter accumulation.Under the three kinds of irrigation quota,sulfur treatment can significantly increase the photosynthetic rate of spike leaves.With the increase of irrigation times,the photosynthetic rate of spike leaves are increased.2.Effects of interaction between irrigation and sulfur on the physiological and biochemical mechanism of summer maizeBy comparing the data,the interaction between irrigation and sulfur can improve the SOD activity and POD activity.The increase of the sulfur treatment with the increase of irrigation times is significantly higher than the non-sulfur treatment.For the CAT contents,soluble protein,methionine,and glutathione,application of sulfur combined with irrigation can relieve the influence of drought,and also slow down the rate of decline of the above components,inhibit MDA content.Indicating that interaction between sulfur and irrigation can significantly increase the active oxygen metabolic level after flowering,at the same time significantly reduce membrane lipid peroxidation after flowing,delay leaf activity,is conducive to grain filling,to achieve the purpose of increasing production.2.Effect of interaction between irrigation and sulfur on the accumulation and distribution of plant nirogen in various organs of summer maize on maturity.Sulfur and the increase of irrigation times both improve the nirogen accumulation in various organs and dry matter nirogen accumulation on maturity.But at W3,S0 and S1 decrease the nirogen accumulation.The highest nitrogen accumulations were observed in W2S1.Water-sulfur interactions changed the proportion of nitrogen distribution in organs during the mature period.4.Effects of interaction between sulphur and irrigation on yield and yield components of summer maizeInteraction between sulphur and irrigation had a significant effect on the yield of summer maize.Sulfur application and irrigation all significantly increased yield,but the effect of the increase was different.Water is the dominant factor.Sulfur fertilizers play an auxiliary role.For the W0S0 treatment,yield is the lowest at 4.6 Mg/ha.The yield increases with the increase of irrigation times.The W3S1 treatment yield is the highest at 11.0 Mg/ha.Sulfur can increase the thousand kerner weight,and its main effect is in the case of low irrigation times.However,the increase in the thousand kerner weight is only 0.3% along with the increase of irrigation frequency.The increase effect is not significant,and there is no significant difference between irrigation treatments along with the increase of irrigation frequency.The difference for the thousand kerner weight does not grow anymore.There were a significant difference in each treatment for grains per ear.Regardless of the irrigation times,the application of sulfur could increase the grains per ear,and with the increase of the irrigation times,the grains per ear showed an increasing trend.5 Effects of interaction between irrigation and sulfur on soil moisture and water use efficiency of summer maizeThere was a significant difference in soil water storage at the time of harvest,and there was no significant consumption of water in W3 treatment at the late growth stage.For ET,W2 treatment had a large amount of soil moisture consumption from 15 days after flowering to 30 days after flowering.W3 consumed less soil moisture after the last irrigation treatment.The sulfur consumption of the sulfur treatment is lower than that of the non-sulfur treatment,indicating that the sulfur fertilizer can relieve the effects of drought on the growth of corn and reduce the consumption of soil moisture.For WUE,under W0,W1,W2,and W3 treatment,S1’s WUE is increased by 19.2%,5.5%,7.6%,and 10.1%,respectively,compared to S0.Sulfur can increase WUE,and the growth effect is significant.There was no significant difference between the sulfur treatments.Comprehensive analysis shows that the increase in irrigation times combined with sulfur application can effectively increase the yield and water use efficiency of summer maize.The application of sulfur at 60 kg/ha with anthesis,15 days after anthesis and 30 days after anthesis can improve summer maize yield and water use efficiency.