| Effects of irrigation pattern on ecophysiological parameters and soil moisture content in winter wheat-summer maize rotation were studied in this experiment.The irrigation treatments was designed with four methods(flood irrigation,furrow irrigation,sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation),with two varied spacing(60cm and 80cm)in drip irrigation,and different times(6 a.m.and 5 p.m.).The main results were as follows:The effects of different irrigation pattern and times on grain yield and physiology index of winter wheat and summer maize.1)We compared the effects of irrigation methods with flood,furrow,sprinkler and drip on grain yield and physiology index of winter wheat and summer maize.The results indicated that wheat grain yield under furrow irrigation,drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation were 99%,93%,88%,respectively,of the grain yield under flood irrigation.It indicated that furrow irrigation and drip irrigation had better moisture permeability with less water,compared with flood irrigation.The irrigation rate of furrow irrigation,drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation was significant higher then that of flood irrigation.The wheat spike weight at early grain filling and late grain filling stages were higher in furrow irrigation and drip irrigation then other two methods,and flood irrigation was better than sprinkler irrigation.The total biomass and SPAD values had no significant different among irrigation methods.2)When total irrigation volume was decreased by 33%,the maize grain yield in drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation were significant higher than that of flood irrigation,which increased grain yield by 1.36% and 1.13%,respectively.The moisture content were distribution uniformity in soil with drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation.While the moisture content between topsoil and tillage pan had significant increased,which indicated the higher moisture content in soil nearby roots.Drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation had significant higher irrigation rate than flood irrigation,while furrow irrigation had no different with flood irrigation.The total biomass and SPAD values in drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation were higher than flood irrigation.3)The total biomass,spike weight and SPAD value of wheat under drip irrigation andfurrow irrigation had significant difference with that under flood irrigation.Soil moisture content of 40-60 layer under furrow irrigation and drip irrigation with 80 cm space were much higher than others at 20 days after irrigation.While,they were only little higher than others at grain filling stage.Additionally,the grain filling rate and thousand kernel weight of wheat under furrow irrigation and drip irrigation with space of 80 cm also obtained highly valued.When the total irrigation volume was 1275 m3/ha,grain yield of wheat under furrow irrigation,drip irrigation with space of 60 and 80 cm increased by 10.5%,5.1% and 9.3%,respectively,compared with flood irrigation.While with the 900 m3/ha irrigation volume,the increase of grain yield under furrow irrigation and drip irrigation with space of 80 cm were 5.6% and 3.6%,respectively.The drip irrigation space of 80 cm were benefit to increase soil moisture,grain filling rage and grain yield of wheat,compared with the space of 60 cm.Wheat grain yield increased with irrigation volume increasing under drip irrigation method.While grain yield decreased with irrigation volume increasing under furrow irrigation and flood irrigation,especially for flood irrigation,which resulted in 2.6% decline of grain yield with 1275 m3/ha irrigation volume,compared with 900 m3/ha.4)The irrigation pattern had no significant influence on SPAD value and grain filling rate of maize.The flood irrigation with volume of 1275 m3/ha had the highest yield of maize than that of others.While,the drip irrigation with space of 80 cm had the lowest yield.The yield of maize under drip irrigation with space of 60 cm was higher than that of 80 cm,increased by 5%.The yield of the others irrigation patterns had no significant difference.5)When compared with the different irrigation time,the result indicated that,soil moisture content,grain filling rate and thousand kernel weight wheat under drip irrigation at6 a.m.was significant higher than that at 5 p.m..The total biomass and SPAD value of wheat had no significant difference between two irrigation times.The grain yield of wheat under drip irrigation at 6 a.m.was higher than that at 5 p.m.,increased by 0.7% without significant difference.6)The grain filling rate of maize at late stage was higher under drip irrigation at 6 a.m.than that at 8 p.m..The SPAD values of inferior leaf,spike leaf and superior leaf of maize with different time had no significant difference.The maize yield under drip irrigation at 6a.m.was significant higher than that at 5 p.m.,increased by 7.8%. |
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