The Pellet TMR Diets On Growth Performance And Its Effect Mechanism In Mutton Sheep

The aims of this experiment were to study the effects of different TMR diets on growth performance,digestion and metabolism,serum biochemical,rumen microorganism and fermentation in mutton sheep.These results provide the theoretical basis for the application of the fermented and pellet feed in the mutton sheep production.Experiment?:Forty-five healthy AH hybrid sheep hybrid(Australia Aries sheep×Hu sheep)which body weight is about 22.5 kg were randomly allocated into 5 treatments with three replicates per treatments.In the early period(100-121 d)and middle period(121-163 d),control was fed the basal pellet TMR diets,and experimental treatments were fed with the pellet TMR diets added 3% fermented soybean,the pellet TMR diets added 2% fermented soybean,the pellet TMR diets added 2% fermented wheat bran and the pellet TMR diets added 2% dry yeast,respectively.In the later period(163-184 d),experimental treatments were fed with the pellet TMR diets added 3% fermented soybean,the pellet TMR diets added 2% fermented soybean and the pellet TMR diets added 2% dry yeast,respectively.The average daily gain(ADG)of the treatment group I was 15.47% higher than the control group in the early and middle period(100-163 d);In the later period(163-184 d),the ADG of the experimental treatments was 280.56 g/d?280.16 g/d and 265.08 g/d,and the F/G was 6.15,6.43 and 6.68 respectively;In the early period(100-121 d),compared with control,the total protein(TP)and albumin(ALB)content in the serum were increased.The serum glucose and triglyceride content was significantly higher.A/G and serum urea nitrogen content of treatment?was the lowest;In the later period(163-184 d),there was no significant effect in albumin?A/G ratio?triglyceride and serum urea nitrogen among the treatment groups.Serum globulin and glucose content in treatment I and treatment ? were significantly higher than treatment II.In the early period(100-121 d),compared with control,experimental treatments had a positive effect on nutrient digestibility treatment I was the highest.The effect of treatment I was the best,and the digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,crude protein NDF and ADF were 67.56%,71.27%,72.40%,70.64% and 66.24%,respectively.The nitrogen retention rate of the treatment I was the highest,42.92%,which was significantly higher than control and the treatment ?(P<0.05).The results showed that adding 3% fermented soybean could improve the nutritional status of fattening lambs;In the later period(163-184 d),the digestibility of nutrients in treatment I was the highest,and the digestibility of dry matter,organic matter,crude protein,NDF and ADF were 63.43%,50.92%,62.25%,57.66% and 45.90%,respectively.Compared the early with later period,the digestibility of various nutrients in the diet was significantly higher than later stage.After slaughtering,the slaughter rate and net meat rate of treatment II and treatment III were the highest,and the carcass net meat rate of treatment I was the highest,up to 85.30%.Experiment?:According to the results of the first stage,the treatment adding 3% fermented soybean has better effect on production performance,digestion and metabolism,slaughter performance and serum biochemical parameters.Therefore,a comparative experiment was made with mixed TMR diet.A total of 120 healthy mutton sheep(60 Dorper×Small Tail Han crossbred sheep and 60 Hu sheep,respectively)were randomly allocated into 4 treatments with three replicates per treatments and 10 sheep per replicate.Therefore,experiments were conducted to compare feed intake and production performance,rumen fermentation parameters and slaughter performance.At the end of the experiment,3 sheep were randomly selected to slaughter and collect rumen and cecal contents.The effects of fermented soybean meal diet on rumen fermentation parameters and rumen and cecum microorganism relative number were studied.The results showed as follows:Compared with the control,average feed intake and average daily gain were significantly higher(P<0.05).Average feed intake and average daily gain of Du Han crossbred sheep were increased by 28.47% and 32.53%,respectively.The ADFI,ADG and F/G on Du Han crossbred sheep were better than Hu sheep.The results showed that there was no significant difference between the control and treatment on rumen pH.The content of total VFA and ammonia nitrogen in rumen were significantly increased in the treatment fed with TMR adding fermented soybean meal.The dominant groups in the rumen bacterial flora were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes.The abundance of Prevotellaceae was high in the treatment and abundances of the Ruminococcaceae were high in the control.The slaughter rate of the treatment was significantly higher than the control(P<0.05)and Du * Han crossed sheep and Hu Sheep increased 10.25% and 11.16% respectively than the control.In conclusion,adding the fermented soybean,wheat bran and dry yeast in the TMR,by low-temperature granulation,can significantly improve the growth performance,the average body weight,feed efficiency and utilization rate of crude protein.The pelleted TMR diet added 3% fermented soybean has the best effect.Compared with the mixed TMR diet,the relative abundance of the Prevotellaceae in the rumen could be significantly increased by adding fermented soybean meal and granulation.The economic benefit is better than in particle TMR diets on Du Han crossbred sheep than Hu sheep.