Study On The Recycling Mode Of "Wheat Straw-Stropharia Rugosoannulata-Protaetia Brevitarsis"

Stropharia rugosoannulata（Farlow）is a specis of grass rot fungus,its industrialization play an important role in the transformation and utilization of agricultural wastes.S.rugosoannulata bran in the production is usually not well treated,resulting in a waste of resources.Therefore,the utilization of mushroom bran becomes a very important link in the process of circular agriculture and the realization of this link needs to extend the material chain.The larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis（Lewis）is a saprophagous insect,which can be reared on animal manure,rotting crops straw,weeds and so on.On this feature,at the basis of the study on the selection of the formula of S.rugosoannulata and the main biological characteristics of the P.brevitarsis.The purpose of this study is to establish the recycling mode of“wheat straw-Stropharia rugosoannulata-Protaetia brevitarsis”,it can explore the utilization of wheat straw and other agricultural wastes by microorganism and environmental insects,and provide new techniques and ideas for the recycling utilization for other agricultural organic wastes.1.S.Rugosoannulata have good degradation ability for straw.Different formulations of cultivation materials had different effects on mycelial growth rate and growth potential.For the growth rate of mycelium,20%of wood chips and 20%of rice husk were added to the wheat straw,the growth rate of the mycelium was 1.82mm·d^-1,the growth rate of the vertical surface was 1.56mm·d^-1,and the time of mycelium full bag was only 51.33d,better than the other treatment groups,in the mycelial growth trend,20%of wood chips and 20%of rice husk were added to the wheat straw,mycelium density,mycelium growth,mycelium evenness of the wheat straw is relatively better,the pollution rate is the lowest and obviously better than the other treatments.2.20%of wood chips and 20%of rice husk were added to the wheat straw as the culture medium,planted in November 30th,2016,fruited in April 11th in the following year.The picking period of S.rugosoannulata was 63d,the output of the S.rugosoannulata was264.92kg.The absolute biological efficiency of the S.rugosoannulata was 6.62%,the yield rate of the S.rugosoannulata bran was 53.47%,and the utilization rate of the straw was39.90%.Dried matter of S.rugosoannulata bran is rich in nutrients,crude fiber is 25.6%,crude ash is 13.26%,crude protein is 11.35%,crude fat accounts for less than 0.59%.The S.rugosoannulata bran contains 17 kinds of amino acids,including 8 essential amino acids,7non essential amino acids and 2 semi essential amino acids.There is little difference in the content of all kinds of amino acids.3.When the temperature is 28℃and the water content of the spawning substrate is 50%,single female adult fecundity maximum189.67 eggs by feed grape.The peak of oviposition on the begain laid eggs after 35d,and then the number of eggs laid down gradually,and the number of eggs was almost zero laid on the 91std.At 28℃and the water content of the substrate is 60%,the highest egg production is 191.67eggs in locust manure which as oviposition substrates at the same time,the hatching rate of up to 85.0%.When the temperature is 31℃,the developmental period of the egg is 7.04d,the larval development period is 53.43d,the pupal development period is 17.41d,the development period is 13.09d before spawning,and the whole generation developmen tperiod is 90.98d.4.The result showed that the best fermentation time of S.rugosoannulata bran was 21d,the best feeding temperature of the larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis was 28℃,but there was little difference in the feeding effect under the condition of 24℃and 32℃.The best water content of S.rugosoannulata bran as larval feeds was 55%,and the best feeding density（insect/material ratio）was 249.8g·kg^-1.When the temperature is 28℃and the feed water content is 55%,the daily average food intake per head of the 2rd instar larvae 5d stadium was only 0.235g·d^-1,the daily average food intake per head of the 3rd instar larvae 25d stadium reached the maximum of 1.01g·d^-1,the best larvae at this time can be used as dispose of S.rugosoannulata bran in the future.5.The dry matter of larval feces is rich in nutrients of P.brevitarsis by fed bran of S.rugosoannulata,the content of organic matter is 36.27%,the content of inorganic elements nitrogen is 2.68%,the P₂O₅ content of phosphorus pentoxide is 1.74%,the content of potassium oxide K₂O is 2.10%.Adding 45g feces of the larvae in the soil,the highest emergence rate of napus was 91.33%,but highest germination rate with adding microbial fertilizer in soil was only 85.00%.When the amount of 30g feces of the larvae was added,the height of the lrape is 17.75cm,the root length is 8.60cm,the quality of the upper part of the ground is 9.16g,the quality of the underground is 0.41g,which is the maximum value of each treatment.Thus the feces of the larvae is worth developing and utilizing organic fertilizer.