Research On Optimization And Artificial Cultivation Technology Of Termitomyces Albuminosus Culture

Termitomyces albuminosus?Berk.?Heim,a valuable kind of fungus and functional food,is healthy and delicious to eat.In Qinba area of Shaanxi,there are different terrain,diverse climate and variety species,which are suitable for the growth of a variety of edible fungi.With the increase of market demand,the number of field picking sporophore is limited,which is difficult to meet the needs of the market.So artificial cultivation is imperative.To this day,the studies on the distribution of wild Termitomyces albuminosus and artificial cultivation of Termitomyces albuminosus by using edible fungus waste material as crop straw in Qinling area have not been reported.Therefore,a wild Termitomyces albuminosus bacterial strain in Qinling area was used as the test material,which was isolated and purified to obtain nutritional hyphae for the study of its biological characteristics?genetic character and growth conditions;the liquid fermentation conditions of Termitomyces albuminosus were studied by response surface methodology,which determined its optimum conditions;the artificial cultivation of Termitomyces albuminosus were studied by isolated bacterial strain.1.The separation and growth conditionsThe fruiting body of Termitomyces albuminosus was studied by the method of tissue culture.The biological characteristics and genetic character of Termitomyces albuminosus were studied by the method of plate culture and molecular biology.The classification and determination of Termitomyces albuminosus mycelium was studied by the morphological character and the hereditary feature.Based on the daily growth rate of hyphae,the optimum growth carbon source,nitrogen source,KH₂PO₄ concentration,MgSO₄·7H₂O concentration,temperature,pH value,beam,CO₂ concentration and humidity were studied.The result showed that Termitomyces albuminosus was identified by morphological characteristics and ITS sequence analysis.The best carbon source was corn flour;The optimum nitrogen source was ammonium nitrate;The concentration of KH₂PO₄ was 0.10%⁰.20%,the optimum concentration is 0.15%;The concentration of MgSO₄·7H₂O was 0.025%⁰.075%,the optimum concentration is 0.05%;The growth temperature range is 26²8?,the optimum temperature is 26?;The growth pH range is 5⁶,the optimum pH is 5;The optimum sunshine is the dark area;The optimum ventilation does a good impact on the growing;The growth humidity range is 60%⁷0%,the optimum humidity is 65%.2.The liquid fermentation conditionsThe suitable liquid fermentation conditions of Termitomyces albuminosus was studied by the single facter and Box-Benhnken response surface method.The results showed that the best carbon source was glucos.The best nitrogen source was yeast extract.The best growth factor is vitamin B₁;The best fermentation conditions were as follows:pH6,the volume of liquid 300 mL,temperature 26?,rotation rate 140 r·min^-1;The optimum medium concentration were as follows:glucos concentration 2.0%,yeast extract concentration 0.20%,potato concentration 20%,KH₂PO₄ concentration 0.25%,MgSO₄·7H₂O concentration 0.05%;The medium formulation were as follows:glucos 2.15%,yeast extract 0.22%,KH₂PO₄ 0.27%,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.05%,potato 20%,vitamin B₁0.015%.3.The artificial cultivationThe artificial cultivation of Termitomyces albuminosus were studied by the waste bag material as main material and the field biomimetic cultivation method.The ICP-OES test found that the content of Ca in the waste material is 10.4 g·kg^-1,the K content is 5.9 g·kg^-1,the P content is 4.8 g·kg^-1,the Mg content is 2.7 g·kg^-1,and Na content is 6.9 g·kg^-1,and other elements are all lower than 2.7 g·kg^-1.The carbon and nitrogen sources are determined by Kjeldahl method?Potassium dichromate plus external heat method and Alkali hydrolysis diffusion method.The carbon content of the waste material is 231.4 g·kg^-1,the ammonium nitrogen content is 1.58 g·kg^-1,and the nitrate nitrogen content is 0.24 g·kg^-1.The single-factor test found that the best original culture medium B was potato 20%,corn meal 2.0%,KH₂PO₄0.1%,MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.05%,NaCl 0.02%,MnSO₄ 0.02%,vitaminB₆ 0.015%,peptone 0.21%;The optimum culture medium were as follows:waste bag material 65%,sawdust 15%,bran10%,gupse 1.0%,chunam 1.0%,saccharose 2.0%,corn meal 5.0%,bean pulp 2.0%.The cultivation test found that April to early June was bacterial period.The growth temperature range was 26²8?,and the growth humidity range was 60%⁶5%,Mid-June to late July was mushroom period.The growth temperature range was 25³0?,the temperature difference range between day and night was 10¹2?,and the growth humidity range was60%⁸0%.