| The main grain crop in Shaanxi province is millet.The total area of planting and production of millet is on frontline in China.The average yield of millet in Shaanxi is low due to drought,,lack of soil fertility,low production technology level,use of old varieties,improper use of fertilization and and also due to miss management of other factors.In this study,10 millet varieties were tested in Yulin area of Shaanxi province.The study was based on the effects of different ecological environments and cultivation management methods on agronomic characters,yield and quality of millet..The results were as follows:1.The differences in agronomic characters and yield of different varieties were evident.The difference among varieties were significant and Jingu 29 varieties were the highest.Jingu29 has higher planting advantages compare to other tested varieties.Jingu 29,Huangqihuang and Fenxuan 3 showed the higher yield.Jingu 29 indicated the higher fertility 155 d,plant height 133.80±0.89 cm,ear length 27.48±0.26 cm,ear coarse 22.7910.16 mm,weight per ear 38.0010.15 g,Spike grain weight 21.00±0.14 g,1000-grain weight 3.41 ±0.06 g,and yield of 4006.8 kg hm-2.This variety could be popularized in the dry areas of Yulin.2.The date of sowing was closely related to agronomic characters and yield of millet.The proper time of millet sowing can fulfill the demand of water for each growth stage due to precipitation.Which showed positive response on the growth and development of millet,reduce the loss due to damage,improve the characters and increase the yield.By PCA analysis,the yield of Jingu 29 was significantly affected by different sowing dates(On May 5,May 10,May 15,June 5),and the agronomic effect were found on ear coarse,stem diameter,ear length,hectare ear number,number of stem nodes,plant height.According to the distribution of different sowing dates,the suitable planting time of millet in Shenmu area can be greatly improved between May 5 and May 10.3.Results showed that the different densities and seedling types had a great impact on the agronomic characters and yield of Jingu 29.With the increase of density,the plant height,ear length,ear diameter and grain weight decreased,but the yield was increased.The yield of Jingu29 was 5050.25 kg hm-2 when the density reached 18 ten thousand plant hm-2,with 2 seedlings per hole on dry land,respectively.4.The results revealed a significant effect of planting method on millet yieldand presented the highest 3409.09 kg hm-2 of yield by the planting method of wide-narrow row full-film planted in early mature stage,and avoided the yield loss of autumn frost.The yield was 33%increased by wide narrow row compared to that of wide range of plantings.5.The effects of water and fertilizer supply on yield and economic benefit of millet.The economic benefits of fertilizer combination and irrigation significantly increased in millet,but the economic benefits were decreased with unreasonable fertilization or less rainfall.The highest of the aboveground biomass and yield under the formula fertilizer(FF)were 27535.16 kg hm'2 and 3440.63 kg hm-2.The biomass and yield of all the Formula fertilizer treatments were significantly increased by 14.77%-22.22%and 3.50%-9.43%to the corresponding conventional fertilizer treatment respectively.The yield of all fertilizer treatments were higher than that of no fertilizer(CK).In terms of economic benefit,the treatment of sheep manure 36000 kg hm-2(M3)was beneficial to increase the yield of Jingu29 and therefore the income was increased. |
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