Status Of Soil Nutrients And Establishment Of Fertilization Index About Winter Wheat And Summer Maize In Daiyue County

Based on the "3414" experiment,the soil nutrient status and the index system of nutrient deficiency in winter wheat summer maize cropping system in Daiyue district were studied.As results show that:1.The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for winter wheat were 334.2kg/hm2,217kg/hm2 and 18.8kg/hm2,organic fertilizer for winter wheat 21.9kg/hm2.The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for summer maize were 399.5kg/hm2,182.5kg/hm2 and 19kg/hm2,organic fertilizer for summer maize was 18.7kg/hm2.In winter wheat,the overall fertilization performance was "nitrogen fertilizer,excessive phosphorus fertilizer and insufficient potassium fertilizer",and the overall fertilization on summer corn was "excessive nitrogen fertilizer,excessive phosphorus fertilizer and insufficient potassium fertilizer".2.The pH value of soil in Daiyue district is 6.60,compared with the second Soil Census,increasing by 7.03%.Soil organic matter content was 11.48g/kg,total nitrogen content was 0.87g/kg,effective phosphorus content was 26.08mg/kg,effective potassium content was 86.54mg/kg,compared with the second Soil Census,respectively increased by 40.2%,49.1%,58.35%,33.16%;The content of trace elements in soil has improved compared with the second soil survey,but it is still in a short stage.3.The effect of reasonable fertilization on winter wheat and summer maize can increase yield.In the "3414" test,the yield of winter wheat was highest under N3P2K2 treatment,the yield reached 8205kg/hm,and the yield of summer maize was the highest under N2P3K2 treatment,and the yield reached 7978.75kg/hm2.In the "3414" test,the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate under different fertilization level was 23.33%,24.96%,13.84%;the phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate under different fertilization level was 16.08%,13.02%,7.31%;the potash fertilizer utilization rate under different fertilization level was 36.74%,31.76%,20.94%.The nitrogen,phosphorus,agronomic efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity of winter wheat reached the maximum at the 2 level,and the agronomic efficiency of potassium and the partial productivity of P and K reached the maximum at the 1 level;The N,P,K,agronomic and partial productivity of summer maize decreased with the increase of fertilizer amount.4.According to soil fertility status and fertilizer requirement of winter wheat and summer maize,the Recommended Fertilization Index System of winter wheat and summer maize in Daiyue district was established.When the soil nutrient was extremely high,the recommended amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for winter wheat was 150,0 and 0kg/hm2,and the recommended amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for summer maize was 180,0 and Okg/hm.When soil nutrients were high,the recommended amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for winter wheat was 150-180,60-75 and 60-75kg/hm 2,and the recommended amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for summer maize was 180-210,60-90 and 60-90kg/hm2;When soil nutrients were medium grade,the recommended amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for winter wheat was 180-210,75-105 and 90-120kg/hm2,and the recommended amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for summer maize was 210-240,90-105 and 90-120kg/hm2;When soil nutrients were low,the recommended amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for winter wheat was 210-240,105-135 and 120-150kg/hm2,and the recommended amount of nitrogen,phosphorusandpotassium fertilizer for summer maize was 240-270,105-135 and 120-150kg/hm2.