| In this research,the liquefied spawn of Flammulina velutipes strain F0030,Pleurotus eryngii strain P1.ne0046 and Hypsizigus marmoreus strain Hy0043,were preliminary studied.Found that,compared with the conventional solid spawn,the growth rate of the solid spawn produced by sawdust powder and wheat bran powder was faster,and its time required to fully colonize the cultivation substrate was shorter.After be homogenized,when inoculated with PDA culture medium and cultivation substrate,the liqufied spawn germinated in 2-3days,and most of the mycelium recovered growth in 4-6days,the time to fully colonize the cultivation substrate of Flammulina velutipes liqufied spawn and Pleurotus eryngii liqufied spawn was ahead of 5-6days,and of Hypsizigus marmoreus liqufied spawn was ahead of 15-16days.Inoculated with PDA medium and liquid medium could test the purity of the liquefied spawn and the solid spawn before homogenized.Moreover,the production technology of the solid spawn before homogenized,the production and cultivation technology of the liquefied spawn,the physiological and biochemical characteristics of the liquefied spawn were studied,aimed at establishing a liquefied spawn production technology which is suitable for Chinese edible fungus production pattern.The main results were as follows:(1)Flammulina velutipes strain F0030Sawdust powder,wheat bran powder,cotton seed hull powder,corn powder,soybean meal and potato block,sweet potato block were suitable for the production of Flammulina velutipes solid spawn before homogenized.The formula with sawdust powder and wheat bran powder as the main material,or added appropriate amount of potato block based on it was the best.The best cultivation time of the solid spawn before homogenized was 15days,when the spawn just fully colonized the cultivation substrate.For Flammulina velutipes liquefied spawn,its best homogenization time was 30s on 30000rpm,when the average mycelium fragment length was just 0.22mm,and its best density was lg/25mL.The Flammulina velutipes liquefied spawn was not suitable for preservation.For Flammulina velutipes liquefied spawn,the optimum water content of the cultivation substrate was between 57%-63%,the optimum PH of the cultivation substrate was between 6.13-6.55,could adjust PH by not adding acid and alkali material or adding 1%-3%lime,the optimum inoculum size was between 15%-20%,the best combination of them was the cultivation substrate water content of 57%,added 3%lime,the inoculum size of 15%.Compared the liquefied spawn with the conventional solid spawn fruiting in cultivation bottles,the liquefied spawn's growth rate was faster and its time to fully colonize the cultivation substrate was ahead of 5-6days,fruit-body yield was higher and more stable.Tested 11 kinds of enzyme activity and resistance of the liquefied spawn and the conventional solid spawn.The results showed that before homogenized,the solid spawn had stronger ability to degrade matrix.Homogenization brings mechanical damage to Flammulina velutipes liquefied spawn,severely weakened its ability to degrade starch and fiber,weakened its ability to clear the peroxide hydrogen poisoning,but promoted its ability to degrade protein,enhanced the respiration of the mycelium.With the gradual recovery of the liquefied spawn on the cultivation substrate,the negative impact on the spawn gradually disappeared,and its vitality irtcreased.compared with the conventional solid spawn,the liquefied spawn had stronger dynamism to fruiting and had stronger resistance to high temperature and cold,but had lower capacity of antibiotic-resistant.(2)Pleurotus eryngii strain P).ne0046Sawdust powder,wheat bran powder,cotton seed hull powder,corn powder,soybean meal and potato block,sweet potato block were suitable for the production of Pleurotus eryngii solid spawn before homogenized.The formula with sawdust powder and wheat bran powder as the main material,or added appropriate amount of potato block based on it was the best.The best cultivation time of the solid spawn before homogenized was 15days,when the spawn just fully colonized the cultivation substrate.The best homogenization time of Pleurotus eryngii liquefied spawn was between 15s-1min on 30000rpm,when the average mycelium fragment length was not less then 0.22mm.The best density of Pleurotus eryngii liquefied spawn was lg/25mL.Stored under 4?-25? after 3days could still be used,but the vitality and stability of the liquefied spawn were decreased,the fresh liquefied spawn was the best.For Pleurotus eryngii liquefied spawn,the optimum water content of the cultivation substrate was between 60%-66%,the optimum PH of the cultivation substrate was between 6.13-6.77,could adjust PH by adding 1%-5%lime,the optimum inoculum size was between 10%-15%,the best combination of them was the cultivation substrate water content of 60%,added 1%lime and the inoculum size of 10%.Compared the liquefied spawn with the conventional solid spawn fruiting in cultivation bottles,the liquefied spawn's growth rate was faster and its time to fully colonize the cultivation substrate was ahead of 5-6days,fruit-body yield was higher and more stable.Tested 11 kinds of enzyme activity and resistance of the liquefied spawn and the conventional solid spawn.The results showed that before homogenized,the solid spawn had stronger ability to degrade starch and cellulose,but had lower ability to degrade protein.Homogenization brings mechanical damage to Pleurotus eryngii liquefied spawn,severely weakened its ability to clear the harmful substances and respiration,but promoted its ability to degrade matrix and absorb nutrients.With the gradual recovery of the liquefied spawn,the negative impact gradually disappeared,and its vitality increased,compared with the conventional solid spawn,the liquefied spawn had stronger dynamism and better health to fruiting.Pleurotus eryngii liquefied spawn had lower capacity of high temperature,cold and antibiotic-resistant.(3)Hypsizigus marmoreus strain Hy0043Sawdust powder,wheat bran powder,cotton seed hull powder,com powder,soybean meal and potato block,sweet potato block were suitable for the production of Hypsizigus marmoreus solid spawn before homogenized The formula with sawdust powder and wheat bran powder as the main material,or added appropriate amount of cotton seed hull powder based on it was the best.The cultivation time of the solid spawn before homogenized could up to 118days and still had significant advantage.The best homogenization time of Hypsizigus marmoreus liquefied spawn was between 15s-2min on 30000rpm,and the average mycelium fragment length was not less then 0.1mm.The Hypsizigus marmoreus liquefied spawn's best density was between 0.1g/25mL-0.01g/25mL.Stored under 4 ?-25 ? after 3days could still be used,but the advantage significantly decreased,the fresh liquefied spawn was the best.For Hypsizigus marmoreus liquefied spawn,the optimum water content of the cultivation substrate was between 60%-66%,the optimum PH was of the cultivation substrate was between 6.14-6.67,could adjust PH by not adding acid and alkali material or adding 1%-3%lime,the optimum inoculum size was between 10%-15%,the best combination was the cultivation substrate water content of 66%,added 3%lime,the inoculum size of 12.5%.Compared the liquefied spawn wirh the conventional solid spawn fruiting in cultivation bottles,the liquefied spawn's growth rate was faster and its time to fully colonize the cultivation substrate was ahead of 15-16days,fruit-body yield was higher and more stable.Tested 11 kinds of enzyme activity and resistance of the liquefied spawn and the conventional solid spawn.The results showed that before homogenized,the solid spawn had stronger ability to clear the hydrogen peroxide poisoning and lower ability to degrade cellulose and protein.Homogenization brings mechanical damage to Hypsizigus marmoreus liquefied spawn,but promoted its ability to degrade cellulose and protein,and enhance its ability to clear the harmful substances,made the spawn had stronger vitality always.Hypsizigus marmoreus liquefied spawn had stronger resistance to cold,but lower capacity of high temperature and antibiotic-resistant. |
PDF Full Text Request