Expression Analysis Of Proteins In Horn Of Yak And Associations Of Polymorphism In Candidate Genes With The Growth And Development

In this study,yak was used as the research object,The horn tissue of 3 month old fetal yak was selected to observed the expression of FOXL2?CDH1 and OLIG1.In order to providing scientific basis for growth trait and polled yak.The genes related to growth and development of GH,GHR,IGF,IHH,MC4 R and GDF-10 were detected by DNA sequencing and TA cloning.Elisa was used to check the concentration of T?T4?T3?GH?and Ins in the yak blood.Thirty physiological and biochemical indexes of the yak were measured by animal blood cell analyzer and serum biochemical analyzer.Using the pls of R software,the least squares modeling of growth traits and sex,angular traits,genotypes,blood growth-related hormones and blood physiological and biochemical indexes of yak.1.CDH1 protein expressed in horn bud skin of horned and polled yak,but more stronger than horned yak in skin and hair follicle of polled yak horn bud.Suggesting that it is associated with the proliferation of stratified epidermal pleural keratinocytes and may be more involved in the development of hair follicles.The expression of OLIG1 protein in the horned bud epidermis was stronger than that polled yak horned bud epidermis,and not expressed in the hair follicles of polled yak.Suggesting that it is more related with epidermal cell proliferation and epidermal multilayer vacuolar keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation.There was significant difference with FOXL2 mRNA in horn bud between the polled and horned 90 d fetal yak(P<0.05).FOXL2 protein was expressed only in the horn bud epidermis of horned yak.FOXL2 protein has nothing to do with hair follicle development in polled skin tissue but with proliferation and differentiation of epidermal multilayered vacuolar keratinocytes.Therefore FOXL2 protein can be used as a key candidate protein for yak horn development.2.Five growth hormones and thirty physiological and biochemical indexes of the polled and horned yak were measured and data from the experiment were analyzed by the independent-samples T Test to compare the same index of the two groups.Results showed that there was no significant difference in blood growth hormone between the two groups(P>0.05),there were differences(P<0.01)in 11 indexes,5 indexes reached significant differences(0.01<P<0.05)and no significant differences(P>0.05)in 14 indexes between the polled and horned yak.There are some difference in adaptability of plateau hypoxia,kidney metabolism,liver metabolism and the growth and development of the bone between the polled and horned yak.3.Taking GHR genotypes as the main concern when using complex correlation analysis,the GHR genotype was significantly correlated with leukocyte count,total protein,albumin,globulin,alkaline phosphatase,glucose and total cholesterol,and was significantly correlated with lactate dehydrogenase.Therefore,GHR gene Indel may affect the body's immune,growth and metabolism and the body in the hypoxic environment to regulate the adaptation.4.Through the R software pls package,the growth traits and sex,angle,genotype,growth hormone and blood physiological and biochemical indexes of yak were successfully modeled by partial least squares.Taking weight as the dependent variable,eight main components were acquired with the cumulative contribution rate of 20%.