Foundation And Evaluation MAS Of The Orange-flesh,Gynoecious And Main Disease-resistance Traits Of Melon

Melon(Cucumis melo L.,2n=24)is a kind of important economic crop belong to the cucurbitaceae family and its economic benefits depend on the quality and yield.For one hand,fusarium wilt and powdery mildew are important factors to affect the quality and yield of melon as the worldwide diseases and become the main factor to limit development of melon industry.On the other hand,melon fruit flesh directly decide on people’s consumption level,single color melon in the market can not meet people’s needs.With the enlargement of the melon planting area and the commercialization of the melon germplasm resources,more and more needs polymerization of melon varieties to contain diversity resistance genes and high quality genes.Emergence and development of the molecular marker technology,solve a series of problems about the way of the traditional breeding and speed up the breeding process such as time consuming,low efficiency,difficult to detect high quality genes.For the flesh color research part,MR-1 and green flesh X191 were used as the main materials and the specific molecular marker were designed to distinguish the orange-flesh and the non-orange-flesh(green and white),The markers was also verified in the nature population consisted with 355 germplasm resources and F2 individuals derived from MR-1 and X191.Our results showed that the new developed molecular markers can distinguish the orange and the non-orange(green and white)flesh materials which can be applied in production practice.For the flesh color research part,MR-1(resistance with fusarium wilt)and WI998,all of the F2 population flesh color is orange which the two orange flesh color parental materials were crossed strictly to make the F1 generation and selfing F1 generation to get the F2 population,and the results of the enzyme were identical to the actual.The markers was also verified in the nature population consisted with 355 germplasm resources,340 individuals which the results of the molecular markers were identical to the actual,coincidence rate is 95.8%;83 individuals which have orange fleah color in the actual survey,but the results of the enzymatic electrophoresis showed that there were 68 of the two strips,coincidence rate is 81.9%.For the fusarium wilt research part,MR-1(resistance with fusarium wilt)and WI998(susceptible with fusarium wilt)as the parental materials to develop and validate the molecular marker both in natural populations and F2 populations which derived from MR-1 and WI998.For the fusarium wilt research part,the number of F2 population was 76 and included resistance fusarium wilt plant was 56 and susceptible fusarium wilt plant was 20.The genetic segregation ratio in F2 population was 3:1 among the resistance and susceptible plants.The markers was also verified in the nature population consisted with 355 germplasm resources,335 individuals which the results of the molecular markers were identical to the actual,coincidence rate is 94.8%;The markers was also verified in the F2 population consisted with 76 germplasm resources,76 individuals which the results of the molecular markers were identical to the actual,coincidence rate is 100%.The result show that this molecular markers can distinguish between the resistance and susceptible materials.For the powdery mildew research part,MR-1(resistance with powdery mildew)and WI998(susceptible with powdery mildew)as the parental materials to develop and validate the molecular marker both in natural populations and F2 populations which derived from MR-1 and WI998.There have 342individualswhich the results of the molecular markers were identical to the actual,coincidence rate is 96.3%;and resistance with powdery mildew are 76 in the F2 population,the coincidence rate is 100%。For the fourth part of this research,MR-1(andromonoecious,orange flesh color,resistance for powdery mildew and fusarium wilt)and WI998(gynoecious,orange flesh color,susceptible with fusarium wilt).The two parental materials were crossed strictly to make the Fi generation and selfing Fi generation to get the F2 population(totally contained 76 individuals).Finally 12 F2 individuals with orange pulp,fusarium wilt resistance genes,the whole female genes,the strain of powdery mildew resistance genes with the MAS methods and the new developed specific molecular markers.