Observation And Identification About Introduction Performance And Cold Resistance Of 3 Sweet Cherry Cultivars In Southern Xinjiang

The aim of this study was to observe and identify the biological characteristics and cold resistance of introduced sweet cherry cultivar and local cherry variety in southern Xinjiang.3 introduced sweet cherry cultivars were studied in this experiment,and local cherry cultivar ‘Kashgar kukan' was chose as reference.We investigated and measured their growth characteristics,increment of branches and leaves,phenological period,plant yield,fruit quality and freezing injury situation.Meanwhile,we analyzed cold resistance physiological indexes of 4 cultivars which were stressed with artificial low temperature.So we can identify their ability to against cold and realize the differences of biological characteristics and cold resistance between introduced sweet cherry cultivar and local cherry cultivar in southern Xinjiang.The results showed that:(1)The survival rate of local cherry cultivar ‘Kashgar kukan' in southern Xinjiang was 93%,and it was higher than 3 introduced sweet cherry cultivars.The survival rate of Lapins was 87%,and it was the highest one in all introduced cultivars.The growth increments of 3 introduced cultivars were higher than local one.Their stages of leaf bud expanded,leaf extended,shoot grew stage and flowering stage were later than ‘Kashgar kukan',while leaf dropped stage and fruit ripe period were earlier.Their plant yield and fruit quality were better than that of ‘Kashgar kukan'.The fruit quality of ‘Kosmytchekaja' and the plant yield of ‘Lapins' were the highest than others.Their phenological period were delayed,growth increment and plant yield showed a little decreased,fruit quality showed a little increased compared with their performance in introducing area.(2)The content of relative electric conductivity,proline and MDA were gradually increased with stress temperature reduction,and their content increased rapidly at the point of semilethal temperature.Their enzymatic activity of SOD and POD increased at first and then decreased,and showed the highest enzymatic activity at the point of semilethal temperature.The semilethal temperature of ‘Hongdeng',‘Kosmytchekaja',‘Lapins' and ‘Kashgar kukan' was-23.66 ?,-21.51 ?,-26.42 ? and-24.29 ?respectively.Their freezing indexes after inoculated from the highest to the lowest was‘Lapins',‘Hongdeng',‘Kashgar kukan' and ‘Kosmytchekaja'.Their proline content and SOD and POD activity of ‘Hongdeng' and ‘Lapins' were higher than ‘Kashgar kukan',MDA content were lower than ‘Kashgar kukan'.So we can consider that the ability to against cold stress of ‘Hongdeng' and ‘Lapins' were stronger than ‘Kashgar kukan'.(3)Its growth increment was moderate,leaf bud expanded stage and flowering period were latter,and leaf dropped stage was close with local cherry cultivar ‘Kashgar kukan'.Its plant yield and fruit quality were higher than some of them.Its semilethal temperature and freezing index were lower,so the ability to against cold stress of ‘Lapins' was the strongest in 4 cultivars.In conclusion,‘Lapins' can suit climatic environment of southern Xinjiang better.