| Chinese cherries（Prunus pseudocerasus L.）and sweet cherries（Prunus avium L.）are common fruit cultivars in China.In recent years,the area of sweet cherry planting in Zhejiang Province has been continuously expanding.Among them,Jinjiang Pujiang County Changfeng Orchard Planting Co.,Ltd.has obtained good economic benefits after years of introduction experiments.The orchard is located on the gentle slope of the foot of the mountain and has a high ridge to ensure good soil permeability.The dwarf rootstock’Gisella-6’adapted to the southern ecological environment is selected.By arranging sweet cherry pollination trees with different flowering periods and different genotypes,the pollination quality and fruit setting rate were ensured,which overcomes the problem that the southern sweet cherry only fails.In this study,five sweet cherry varieties,such as‘Van’,‘04-11’,‘Jiangnanhong’,‘Chaoyang yihao’and‘Changfengyihao’,were surveyed and studied,and the comprehensive analysis was carried out.The difference in economic quality,in order to understand the adaptability of the test sweet cherry varieties in Zhejiang Province,to provide a reference for further promotion of this cultivation model.The dwarf rootstock‘Gisera-6’was screened for different concentration of plant growth regulators and different refining time in the subculture and rooting culture medium,in order to promote the rapid propagation system of Zhejiang rootstock‘Gisella-6’The establishment of.The embryo abortion rate of cherries is high,and it is difficult to breed.The embryos of Chinese cherry‘Duanbing’and sweet cherry‘Chaoyangyihao’yellow-white stage（PF=0.7）are treated with different embryo rescue treatments.Comparison test of regulator concentration.The main results are as follows:‘Chaoyangyihao’is more suitable as a female parent in cross-breeding trials.1.Analysis of the phenological period of sweet cherry of 5 tested varieties,the results showed that the tested varieties all entered the flowering period in mid-March and continued until the beginning of April,‘Van’,‘04-11’,‘Jiangnanhong’,‘Chaoyangyihao’in mid-May,the fruit ripening period of‘Changfengyihao’is in late May.2.The quality of sweet cherry fruit of 5 tested varieties was analyzed.The results showed that‘Chaoyangyihao’had the smallest single fruit weight of 6.87 g,and‘Changfengyihao’had the largest single fruit weight of 8.76 g;5 tested varieties.The longitudinal diameter of the fruit is smaller than the transverse diameter,the fruit shape index is between 0.75 and 0.86,the fruit shape index of‘Jiangnanhong’is the smallest,0.76,and the largest of‘Chaoyangyihao’and‘Changfengyihao’is 0.86;when fully mature,‘Van’,‘04-11’,‘Changfengyihao’flavor is sweet,‘Jiangnanhong’,‘Chaoyangyihao’is sweet and sour,‘Van’,‘04-11’is purple-black,‘Jiangnanhong’and‘Changfengyihao’is purple,‘Chaoyangyihao’is yellow-red blush;‘Chaoyangyihao’has the highest soluble solids of 21.40,followed by‘04-11’and‘Van’,respectively 20.40%and 17.40%,‘Jiangnanhong’is the lowest,19.50%;‘Chaoyangyihao’has the lowest rate of fruit cracking,7.89%,and‘Changfengyihao’has the highest rate of fruit cracking,which is 28.43%.3.In this experiment,rapid propagation technology was studied by tissue culture in laboratory.T-he subculture of‘Gisela-6’,the different concentration of plant growth regulators in rooting medium and the time of seedling refining were screened.The optimum subculture medium was MS+IBA0.3mg.L-1+6-BA0.3 mg.L-1,and the optimum rooting medium was 1/2MS+IBA0.6 mg.L-1+IAA2.4mg.L-1.The highest survival rate of tissue cultured seedlings after transplantation was obtained when the cover was opened in the tissue culture box for 14 days.4.Take the sweet cherry‘Jiangnanhong’,‘Chaoyangyihao’and‘Changfengyihao’as the female parent,and the Chinese cherry‘Duanbing’as the male parent for pollination test,the fruit set rate and the embryo rate obtained after pollination Analysis showed that there were significant differences in fruit set rate and embryo rate between different pollinators.‘Chaoyangyihao’had the highest fruit setting rate and embryo rate,23.50%and 68.89%,respectively,and‘Jiangnanhong’had the lowest fruit setting rate and embryogenic rate of 18.67%and 46.43%,respectively.Combined with fruit quality,‘Chaoyangyihao’is more suitable as a female parent in cross-breeding trials.5.The germination rate of different embryo rescue schemes of cherry immature embryos was compared and analyzed.The optimal embryo rescue schemes of Chinese cherry‘Duanbing’and sweet cherry‘Chaoyangyihao’were obtained.After germination,the leaves were dark green and the stems were thick.The germination rate is 100%and 80%respectively.Yellow-white period（PF=0.7）,after storage for 4 days at 4°C,embryos were sterilized.Chinese cherry‘Duanbing’germination medium1/2MS+IBA2.0 mg·L-1+IAA0.2 mg·L-1;sweet Cherry‘Chaoyangyihao’germination medium1/2MS+IBA2.0 mg·L-1+IAA1.8 mg·L-1.The other components of the germination medium were sucrose 30.0 g·L-1,agar 5.0 g·L-1,and pH 5.8-6.2. |
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