| In this paper,the influencing factors of haploid induction and doubling rate of waxy maize were studied,and the heterosis and combining ability of seven DH lines were analyzed.The test results were as follows:(1)The results of induction test showed that the mean induction rate was 8.46% when the length of filament was ≥8 cm,which was significantly higher than that of filament length ≤4 m(6.17%).The mean induction rate was 7.99%(6.13%),which indicated that delayed pollination and post-pollination could improve the induction rate of waxy haploid.(6.77%)was significantly higher than that of the bottom(5.36%),indicating that the induction rate of the top of waxy corn was higher than that of the bottom.(2)The doubling test results showed that the survival rate of buds was higher,and the survival rate of soaking method was lower.The results showed that acupuncture growth point method was the best when the concentration of colchicine was 0.7mg / ml,the rate of powder was 19.57%,and the seed setting rate was 10.87%.When the concentration was 0.5mg / ml,the doubling effect was 14.77% and the seed setting rate was 9.09%.Therefore,in the waxy corn haploid doubled in the preferred selection of acupuncture growth point method,the best colchicine concentration is 0.7mg / ml,followed by drip leaf method,the most suitable colchicine concentration is 0.5mg / ml.(3)The analysis of heterosis showed that the heterosis of single plant yield was the strongest,the average advantage was 97.40%,and the longness of bald tip was negative,and the mean was-57.75%.The average order of the other traits was between the two groups.The order of the number of grains was as follows: row weight> axle weight> 100 grains> panicle length> plant height> ear> panicle> stem> The analysis of the coefficient of variation showed that the largest coefficient of variation was 25.79% of the bald tip,and the smallest trait was only 5.03%.(4)The results showed that the GCA effect of H2 single plant yield was the highest,and the effect of panicle length,100 grain weight,ear diameter and grain size was higher,and plant height,ear position,bald tip length,The GCA effect of axle weight was smaller,and it was a DH line with excellent agronomic traits.The GCA effect of single cropping of H7 was lower than that of H2,and the number of spike and panicle of GCA were The results showed that the GCA effect of single cropping of H5 was the third,and the 100-grain weight was the largest,and the effect was the highest,and the grain weight was the highest.DH strain can improve the yield of 100 small grain weight,but it is prone to lodging problem,and the growth period is longer,not suitable for early frost planting;H6 single plant yield GCA effect is higher,but other agronomic traits,Indicating that the DH system is a DH performance of agronomic traits.H3,H4 and H1 had lower GCA effect,and the other effect was lower,which was worse than DH.(5)The analysis of the special combining ability of DH showed that the SCA effect of grain size,panicle weight and 100-grain weight of H2 × G5 was larger,the effect of stem and coarse was also larger,and the effect of plant height and panicle And the combination of H5 × G4 was larger than that of the control group.The effect of the number of earning,spike length,100-grain weight and stem diameter on the combination of H5 × G4 was also a very good combination.The SCA effect of some traits of H7 × G1,H7 × G3 and H6 × G3 showed good performance,while some traits showed general effect,which had a good effect on the yield per plant.It was a combination of H6 × G4,H3 × G4 and H7 × G2 single plant yield SCA effect value of the general performance of other traits also expressed in general,is the performance of the general combination.The rest of the combined yield per plant SCA effect values are small or negative effects,are poor combination. |
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